Product tracking and security through design methodology in additive manufacturing

通过增材制造中的设计方法进行产品跟踪和安全

• 批准号: 9409642
• 负责人: Steven Eric Zeltmann
• 金额: $ 6.53万
• 依托单位: 3DP SECURITY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2018-08-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9409642
• 关键词: Product; tracking; security; through; design

Product tracking and security through design methodology in additive manufacturing 1 Specific Aims Additive manufacturing (AM) is increasingly being used in the medical for applications as diverse as printing prosthesis and implants of ceramic and metallic materials and even organs using soft materials and live tissue (bioprinting). In AM, a computer aided design (CAD) file is processed and sent to a 3D printer to print the desired shape, which reduces time and cost compared to the traditional polymer or metal working methods. Figure 1a presents an example of a mandibular reconstruction plate design and Figure 1b shows the 3D printed plate for fixation in a patient’s jaw. This exciting new manufacturing method comes with new challenges. All steps of the AM process chain, including the final printing step, are based on software programs and are exposed to cybersecurity threats. Stolen CAD files can be used to print parts of (a) exactly the same quality as the original component and make it difficult to separate originals from counterfeits or (b) exactly the same geometry but with inferior materials, which may not have the same performance. Given the cybersecurity scenario that even the most protected federal government assets and corporations have been breached recently, it is likely that the designs developed by biomedical researchers and companies are exposed to the same risks. In the biomedical and medical fields, inferior components can pose significant risk to the health and wellbeing of the patient. The stolen CAD files can make their way to countries where neither intellectual property protections (a) (b) are strong nor tracking of implants is possible. Figure 1. A mandibular reconstruction plate: (a) a CAD model Given such scenario, the present project is and (b) a manufactured plate applied to the locations where aimed at developing tools to embed security jaw injuries, disorders, or mandibular deformities and fractures take place. Image courtesy: Dr. Paulo Coelho, NYU features in the CAD files so that the parts School of Medicine. printed from the stolen CAD files can be identified. The project is based on a new design methodology developed by the PI Zeltmann and co-PI Gupta, which is now patent-pending and formed the basis for establishing 3DP Security, Inc. for its commercialization. This new methodology takes advantage of the layer- by-layer manufacturing of AM processes and has potential for developing security features that will be invisible to unsuspecting people. In the presence of such features, the component will print in high quality only under a pre-determined set of conditions, while any other condition will result in a severely defective component that will be unsuitable for use. This design methodology is used in the present proposal to print identification codes in the genuine implants. Specific Aim #1 An identification code will be embedded in the mandibular implant. A process will be developed so that the embedded code can be printed in the material only under certain file processing conditions for 3D printing. All other processing conditions will ignore the presence of the code. This scheme will also help in identification of genuine products from counterfeits, which may have been printed from stolen files and possibly using inferior quality materials. The code will be sliced into several sections and embedded in different layers of the material by taking advantage of the layer by layer manufacturing process. Such possibilities are unique to additive manufacturing and do not exist in other traditional manufacturing methods such as casting and forging. Mechanical tests will be conducted to ensure that the embedded code does not compromise the quality of the product in any way. Tensile tests will be conducted on the specimens to determine the properties of the implant with and without the embedded codes. Specific Aim #2 A software utility will be developed that will take the STL files of the implant design as inputs and embed the security code in them. This utility will first generate a desired tracking code, slice this code into several parts, and then embed it in the STL file in such a way that each slice of the code prints in a different layer in the implant. The Phase I effort will demonstrate the utility developed in MATLAB. The utility will take into account the 3D printing technology used for that product and the processing parameter in order to develop the desired embedding scheme.

通过增材制造中的设计方法进行产品跟踪和安全 1具体目标 增材制造（AM）越来越多地用于医疗领域，如打印等各种应用 陶瓷和金属材料的假体和植入物，甚至使用软材料和活组织的器官 （生物打印）。在AM中，处理计算机辅助设计（CAD）文件并将其发送到3D打印机以打印所需的材料。 与传统的聚合物或金属加工方法相比，它减少了时间和成本。 图1a显示了下颌骨重建板设计的示例，图1b显示了3D 用于固定在患者颌部的印刷板。这种令人兴奋的新制造方法带来了新的 挑战AM工艺链的所有步骤，包括最后的印刷步骤，都基于软件程序 并面临网络安全威胁。被盗的CAD文件可以用来打印（a）完全相同的部分 质量作为原始成分，并使其难以区分原件与伪造品，或（B）正是 相同的几何形状，但使用劣质材料，可能不具有相同的性能。 考虑到网络安全情况，即使是 最受保护的联邦政府资产， 公司最近被入侵，这是 生物医学公司开发的设计 研究人员和公司都暴露在 同样的风险。在生物医学和医疗领域， 劣质组件可能会对 患者的健康和福祉。的 被盗的CAD文件可以通过 如果知识产权保护（a）（B） 也不可能跟踪植入物。图1.下颌骨重建板：（a）CAD模型 鉴于这种情况，本项目是和（B）一个制造的板应用于的位置， 旨在开发工具，以嵌入安全颌骨损伤，疾病，或下颌畸形， 发生骨折。图片提供：Paulo Coelho博士，纽约大学 CAD文件中的特征， 医学院的。 从被盗的CAD文件打印出来的指纹该项目基于一种新的设计方法 由PI Zeltmann和共同PI Gupta开发，现在正在申请专利，并形成了 成立3DP Security，Inc.为了它的商业化。这种新方法利用了层- AM工艺的逐层制造，并具有开发不可见的安全功能的潜力 毫无戒心的人在存在这些特征的情况下，组件将仅在 预定的一组条件，而任何其他条件将导致严重缺陷的组件， 将不适合使用。本提案采用这种设计方法印刷识别码 真正的植入物。 具体目标#1 识别码将嵌入下颌种植体中。将制定一项程序， 嵌入式代码只能在3D打印的特定文件处理条件下打印在材料中。所有 其它处理条件将忽略代码的存在。该计划还将有助于识别 从假冒产品，这可能是打印从被盗文件，并可能使用劣质产品 优质材料。代码将被切成几个部分，并嵌入到材料的不同层中 通过利用逐层制造工艺。这种可能性是唯一的添加剂 这在传统的制造方法中是不存在的，例如铸造和锻造。 将进行机械测试，以确保嵌入式代码不会影响 产品以任何方式将对样本进行拉伸试验，以确定植入物的性能 不管有没有嵌入代码 具体目标#2 将开发一种软件实用程序，将植入物设计的STL文件作为输入，并嵌入 里面有安全密码该实用程序将首先生成所需的跟踪代码，将该代码切成几个部分， 然后将其嵌入到STL文件中，使代码的每个片段打印在 植入第一阶段的工作将展示在MATLAB中开发的实用程序。该实用程序将考虑 用于产品3D打印技术和工艺参数，以开发所需的 嵌入方案