Combined Multi-Pinhole and Fan-Beam Brain SPECT

结合多针孔和扇束脑 SPECT

• 批准号: 9562187
• 负责人: Michael A King
• 金额: $ 16.15万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-18 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9562187
• 关键词: Address; Air; Algorithms; Arizona; Beds; Binding; Biological Models; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Breast; Calibration; Clinic; Clinical; Collimator; Computer software; Corpus striatum structure; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Discipline of Nuclear Medicine; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Financial compensation; Funding; Gamma Rays; Geometry; Goals; Head; Image; Imagery; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Label; Location; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Monitor; Monte Carlo Method; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Occipital lobe; Parkinson Disease; Patients; Penetration; Photons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Price; Procedures; Resolution; Rotation; Safety; Sampling; Security; Structure; Substantia nigra structure; System; Testing; Thick; Thyroid Gland; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Validation; Weight; Wireless Technology; attenuation; base; bone imaging; cost; density; design; design and construction; detector; imaging agent; improved; innovation; interest; irradiation; nervous system disorder; novel; operation; perfusion imaging; public health relevance; putamen; reconstruction; response; simulation; single photon emission computed tomography; ultra high resolution; uptake

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The recent FDA approval of the SPECT imaging agent I-123 labeled DaTscan for diagnosis and monitoring progression of Parkinson's Disease (PD) has open up a new era in SPECT brain imaging. Unlike with perfusion imaging where the entire brain is the volume of interest, with PD the structures of interest are the putamen and caudate (and potentially substantia nigra) which lie in the interior portion of the brain. However imaging of the occipital lobe is also required with PD for calculation of the striatal binding rati (SBR), a parameter of significance in the early diagnosis and differentiation of PD from other disorders with similar clinical presentations. Our hypothesis is that combining a specifically designed multi-pinhole (MPH) collimator on one detector head with a fan-beam collimator on the remaining head of current dual-headed SPECT systems, coupled with iterative reconstruction with modeling system spatial resolution, will result in improved detection and quantification of structures in the interior region of the brain at marginal cost (the price of collimator(s) and reconstruction software). The MPH collimator would be designed to provide enhanced spatial resolution / sensitivity for the interior of the brain. The fan-beam collimator would provide lower resolution but complete sampling of the brain addressing data sufficiency and allowing a volume-of-interest to be defined over the occipital lobe for calculation of SBR's. Clinically this would provide a low-cost system allowing improved visualization and relative quantification of function of structures in the interior region of the brain, potentially as small as the ~4 mm substantia nigra, which cannot currently be achieved by other than expensive, brain dedicated, SPECT systems. This would greatly impact the early detection and differentiation of PD, and possibly other neurological disorders as new SPECT imaging agents are approved. Our approach for further investigating our hypothesis is based on the initial exploration we have conducted under funding provided by NIH R21 EB016391 and is organized into five specific aims. The first specific aim is to complete the optimization of the MPH collimator design through task-based optimization for the tasks of detection using the Channelized Hotelling Observer (CHO) and quantification of striatal function by calculation of the SBR. The second specific aim is to finish development of inclusion of MPH system geometry and response in reconstruction. The third specific aim is to have our colleagues at the Center for Gamma Ray Imaging (CGRI) at the University of Arizona construct the MPH. The fourth specific aim is to install and test the combined fan-beam and MPH system on a SPECT/CT camera using phantoms. Our fifth specific aim is to image five patients with the combined system.

 描述（由申请人提供）：最近FDA批准SPECT成像剂I-123标记的DaTscan用于诊断和监测帕金森病（PD）的进展，开辟了SPECT脑成像的新时代。与其中整个大脑是感兴趣体积的灌注成像不同，PD的感兴趣结构是位于大脑内部的壳核和尾状核（以及潜在的黑质）。然而，PD还需要枕叶成像来计算纹状体结合率（SBR），这是一个在早期诊断和区分PD与具有相似临床表现的其他疾病中具有重要意义的参数。 我们的假设是，将一个探测器头上专门设计的多针孔（MPH）准直器与当前双头SPECT系统的剩余头上的扇形束准直器结合，再加上具有建模系统空间分辨率的迭代重建，将导致以边际成本（准直器和重建软件的价格）改善对大脑内部区域中结构的检测和量化。MPH准直器将被设计为提供针对大脑内部的增强的空间分辨率/灵敏度。扇形束准直器将提供更低的 分辨率但完整的大脑采样解决了数据的充分性，并允许在枕叶上定义感兴趣的体积以计算SBR。在临床上，这将提供一种低成本的系统，其允许对大脑内部区域中的结构的功能进行改进的可视化和相对量化，所述内部区域可能小至~4 mm的黑质，这目前除了昂贵的大脑专用SPECT系统之外无法实现。这将极大地影响PD的早期检测和区分，并且随着新的SPECT成像剂被批准，可能影响其他神经系统疾病。 我们进一步研究假设的方法是基于我们在NIH R21 EB 016391提供的资金下进行的初步探索，并分为五个具体目标。第一个具体目标是通过基于任务的优化来完成MPH准直器设计的优化，该优化用于使用标准化的霍特林观测器（CHO）的检测任务和通过SBR的计算来量化纹状体功能。第二个具体目标是完成MPH系统几何结构和重建响应的开发。第三个具体目标是让我们在亚利桑那大学伽马射线成像中心（CGRI）的同事构建MPH。第四个具体目标是使用体模在SPECT/CT相机上安装和测试组合扇束和MPH系统。我们的第五个具体目标是使用组合系统对五名患者进行成像。