Family Migration and Early Life Outcomes

 移民是一种日益增长的全球现象，影响着世界上大多数地区的个人和家庭。虽然移徙在世界各地许多人的家庭生活过程中占有重要地位，但人们对这些动态除了对家庭经济的总体影响外，如何影响儿童和青少年的生活的了解有限。收集到的关于家庭移民和儿童发展作用的新信息有助于为劳动力移民高发地区针对儿童的方案和政策提供信息。该方案项目利用移徙、儿童发展和早期生命历程的理论框架，探讨家庭成员移徙可能改变儿童发展、愿望、教育和随后生命历程过渡的多种机制。拟议项目的独特贡献包括：（1）比较关注儿童社会化和发展的三种背景，以确定移徙与早期生活过程中的结果有多大的类似关联，（2）全面看待家庭生活过程中的移徙，包括移徙的时间、持续时间和范围，以及移徙者与留守儿童的关系，以及（3）研究团队的跨学科协调，包括在每种环境下的移徙、儿童发展、教育、生命历程过渡和健康方面的专门知识。其目标是加入具有不同发展时期、儿童和青少年过渡时期以及移徙沿着方面专门知识的调查人员，并具有不同的区域专门知识，以便了解家庭移徙经历如何可能与儿童和青少年的结果以及这些环境的独特特征有类似的关联，这些特征可能导致不同的途径。该计划项目利用这些优势，使用跨环境的可比方法收集数据，并专注于特定的发展阶段。该计划项目下的三个研究项目能够利用共享的数据收集和仪器开发基础设施以及属于两个核心单位范围内的协调和指导活动。这种方法可以提高效率，使研究范围比其他方法更广，并促进研究项目之间的合作。因此，每个项目都能够考虑影响儿童发展、教育、期望和过渡的多种生态，以及家庭移徙可能给这些生态带来的变化。该计划项目的组织结构利用了研究人员之间已经建立的现有合作，并利用了现有的研究基础设施。该计划的两个核心旨在创造一个协同环境，使每个项目能够分享整个研究团队的创造力。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Migration is an increasing global phenomenon impacting individuals and families from most regions of the world. Although migration figures prominently in the family life course of many throughout the world, there is limited understanding of how these dynamics influence the lives of children and adolescents beyond the impact on household economies overall. New information gathered on the role of familial migration and children's development can help inform programs and policies directed at children in areas with a high prevalence of labor migration. Drawing on theoretical frameworks of migration, child development and the early life course, this program project addresses multiple mechanisms through which migration of family members may alter children's development, aspirations, education and subsequent life course transitions. The unique contributions of the proposed projects include (1) a comparative focus across three contexts of child socialization and development to determine the extent to which migration is similarly associated with outcomes in the early life course, (2) a comprehensive view of migration within the family life course that incorporates the timing, duration and scope of moves and the relationships of migrants with children left behind, and (3) an interdisciplinary coordination of research teams that include expertise in migration, child development, education, life course transitions and health in each setting. The goal is to join investigators with expertise on distinct developmental periods, transitions in childhood and adolescence and migration along with distinct regional expertise in order to understand how family migration experiences may be similarly associated with outcomes for children and adolescents and the distinctive features of these environments that may lead to differential pathways. The program project takes advantage of these strengths to collect data using comparable methods across settings and focusing on specific developmental stages. The three research projects contained under the umbrella of the program project are able to take advantage of shared data collection and instrument development infrastructure as well as coordination and mentoring activities that fall under the purview of two core units. This approach produces efficiencies that give the research a much broader reach than would otherwise be possible and facilitates collaboration across research projects. Thus, each project is able to consider the multiple ecologies impacting children's development, education, expectations and transitions as well as the possible changes in these ecologies introduced by family migration. The organizational structure of the program project takes advantage of the existing collaborations already well-established among the investigators and leverages existing research infrastructure. The two cores in the program are designed to create a synergistic environment that allows each project to share the creative strengths of the entire research team.