Developing a mobile emotion regulation intervention for HIV-positive men

 同性恋和双性恋男性（GBM）和其他与男性发生性关系的男性（MSM）继续受到艾滋病毒流行病的不成比例的影响。虽然少数健康压力模型已被调查的GBM一般，这样的模型，纳入艾滋病毒相关的压力源的独特作用，艾滋病毒阳性GBM尚未进行测试。研究表明，HIV相关的压力源与情绪调节和健康风险行为有关，情绪调节可能是压力源影响行为结果的一条途径。此外，已经发现神经认知功能与情绪调节和健康风险行为（例如，物质使用、性风险和药物不依从性）以及旨在减少健康风险行为的行为干预的有效性。该指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）将为候选人提供受保护的时间，培训和必要的资源，以开展旨在将少数民族压力模型应用于HIV阳性GBM的研究。具体而言，该奖项的目标是测试艾滋病毒阳性GBM中与艾滋病毒相关的少数民族情绪调节和健康风险行为的压力模型，并开发针对这些少数民族压力和情绪调节途径的干预措施。为了实现这些目标，候选人需要在两个领域进行培训和指导：（1）行为干预措施的设计及其在技术平台上的应用;（2）行为和认知神经科学的理论和方法。培训将通过教学课程，研讨会，培训，会议和指导研究项目的组合完成。这些研究项目的总体目标是：（1）进行二次数据分析，以测试与艾滋病毒有关的少数民族压力模型，其中与艾滋病毒有关的压力源导致与神经认知功能相关的不良情绪调节，并导致健康风险行为和与艾滋病毒有关的健康结果;（2）利用生态瞬时评估（EMA）进行试点研究，以制定一种情景（即，每天）与艾滋病毒有关的少数民族压力源，并收集其与神经认知功能和情绪调节困难，性风险行为，物质使用（即，酒精和俱乐部药物使用/滥用），和药物依从性;和（3）开发和试点测试的可行性和可接受性的EMA为基础的行为干预，旨在管理的影响，艾滋病毒相关的少数民族的压力情绪调节，物质使用，性风险行为，药物依从性，和健康结果。总之，这些研究项目将解决新的问题，艾滋病毒相关的压力源在健康的艾滋病毒阳性GBM的作用，提供可修改的干预目标，检查初步估计的可行性和可接受性的移动的干预，以解决这些目标，并探讨神经认知功能在模型中发挥的作用。培训和研究计划将使候选人发展成为一名独立的调查员，专注于创造创新和高影响力的干预措施，以解决艾滋病毒阳性GBM的药物使用，性风险和艾滋病毒药物依从性。

 DESCRIPTION: Gay and bisexual men (GBM) and other men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Though minority stress models of health have been investigated for GBM in general, such models that incorporate the unique role of HIV-related stressors for HIV- positive GBM have yet to be tested. Research suggests that HIV-related stressors are associated with emotion regulation and health risk behaviors and that emotion regulation may be one path through which stressors impact behavioral outcomes. Moreover, neurocognitive functioning has been found to be associated with both emotion regulation and health risk behaviors (e.g., substance use, sexual risk, and medication non-adherence) as well as with the efficacy of behavioral interventions aimed at reducing health risk behavior. This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will provide the candidate with the protected time, training, and resources necessary to carry out research aimed at applying a minority stress model to HIV-positive GBM. Specifically, the goal of this award is to test an HIV-related minority stress model of emotion regulation and health risk behavior among HIV-positive GBM and developing an intervention to target these minority stress and emotion regulation pathways. To accomplish these goals, the candidate requires training and mentorship in two areas: (1) the design of behavioral interventions and their translation to technology-based platforms; and (2) the theory and methods of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience. Training will be accomplished through a combination of didactic coursework, seminars, trainings, conferences, and mentored research projects. The overarching aims of these research projects are to: (1) conduct secondary data analyses to test an HIV-related minority stress model whereby HIV-related stressors lead to poorer emotion regulation which is associated with neurocognitive functioning and leads to health risk behavior and HIV-related health outcomes; (2) conduct a pilot study utilizing ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to develop a measure of situational (i.e., daily) HIV-related minority stressors and gather preliminary data on its association with neurocognitive functioning and daily experiences of emotion regulation difficulties, sexual risk behavior, substance use (i.e., alcohol and club drug use/abuse), and medication adherence; and (3) develop and pilot test for feasibility and acceptability an EMA-based behavioral intervention aimed at managing the impact of HIV-related minority stressors on emotion regulation, substance use, sexual risk behavior, medication adherence, and health outcomes. Together, these research projects will address novel questions about the role of HIV-related stressors in the health of HIV-positive GBM, provide modifiable targets for intervention, examine preliminary estimates of feasibility and acceptability of a mobile intervention to address these targets, and explore the role that neurocognitive functioning plays within the model. The training and research plan will allow the candidate to develop into an independent investigator focusing on creating innovative and high-impact interventions to address substance use, sexual risk, and HIV medication adherence for HIV-positive GBM.