Structure and function of novel G protein conformations

新型G蛋白构象的结构和功能

• 批准号: 9532410
• 负责人: Sharon L Campbell
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9532410
• 关键词: Adopted; Affect; Bacterial Toxins; Binding; Biochemistry; Biological; Biophysics; Cardiovascular system; Cell Surface Receptors; Cell surface; Chemicals; Cholera; Circular Dichroism; Collaborations; Communicable Diseases; Data; Defect; Diarrhea; Disease; Epidemic; Fluorescence; G-Protein-Coupled Receptors; G-protein Beta gamma; G-substrate; GTP Binding; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; GTP-Binding Proteins; GTPase-Activating Proteins; Genetic; Goals; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine Triphosphate; Guanosine Triphosphate Phosphohydrolases; Haiti; Heart Diseases; Human; Human Pathology; Label; Laboratories; Lead; Malignant Neoplasms; Methods; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Genetics; Mutation; Myocardial Ischemia; Nucleotides; Nutrient; Ocular Melanoma; Oncogenic; Pertussis; Pharmacologic Substance; Pharmacology; Population; Protein Conformation; Protein Kinase; Protein phosphatase; Proteins; Receptor Activation; Regulation; Reperfusion Injury; Research; Resolution; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Signaling Protein; Site; Stress; Stroke; Structure; Suppressor Mutations; Techniques; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; X-Ray Crystallography; biophysical analysis; design; disease-causing mutation; human disease; inhibitor/antagonist; innovation; killings; mutant; novel; prevent; protein function; protein protein interaction; protein structure; public health relevance; receptor; reconstitution; small molecule; small molecule inhibitor; small molecule therapeutics; targeted treatment; ubiquitin ligase

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many biological signals act via cell surface receptors and GTP-binding G proteins. Recent findings have revealed new and unexpected conformational changes in the G protein α subunit. Our overall hypothesis is that G proteins exist in a larger ensemble of functionally-distinct structural conformations, some of which may be targeted therapeutically. We propose to investigate these changes and their consequences for signaling. The project is a collaboration between two laboratories with distinct and complementary expertise, and will combine molecular genetics (Dohlman), structural biophysics (Campbell), biochemistry and pharmacology. The proposed work is innovative because it employs, for the first time, high resolution NMR to investigate Gα protein conformations and inhibitor binding interactions. The proposed work is significant because perturbations in G protein function underlie human pathologies including cardiovascular damage, infectious disease, and cancer. Aim 1. Functional analysis of Gα proteins in human diseases (Dohlman). Several human cancers arise from mutations in Gα. Cholera is an infectious and deadly form of diarrhea, caused by a bacterial toxin that covalently modifies Gαs. In these instances the G protein is no longer able to hydrolyze GTP. We have identified a panel of second-site suppressor mutations that appear to stabilize the inactive (GDP-like) conformation, despite an inability to hydrolyze GTP. We will now compare the function of G proteins with GTPase deficient (oncogenic) mutations or that are ADP-ribosylated, in the absence or presence of our suppressor mutations. We will reconstitute Gα with its known binding partners and determine how these suppressor mutations affect interactions with guanine nucleotides, G protein βγ subunits, the GTPase- activating protein, as well as recently identified protein kinases and phosphatases. Aim 2. Structural analysis of Gα proteins in human diseases (Campbell). Gα proteins undergo dramatic conformational changes during activation and inactivation. These changes have so far been documented by low resolution or static techniques. Our new preliminary data show the feasibility of conducting high resolution NMR on Gα proteins. NMR is ideal for detecting structural and dynamic changes in proteins, including those that are transient and dynamic. We will now conduct a detailed analysis of the conformational changes imposed by mutational activation, in the absence or presence of our suppressor mutations, and in the absence or presence of small molecules that bind to Gα. In the longer term, this work will reveal the structural basis for altered protein-protein interactions as well as the potential for small molecule suppressors of disease- causing mutations.