Estimating Socioeconomic Disparities in Self-Rated Health

估计健康自评的社会经济差异

• 批准号: 9303205
• 负责人: Hongwei Xu
• 金额: $ 7.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-24 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9303205
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adult; Affect; American; Asians; Brazil; Capital; Categories; Characteristics; China; Chinese People; Cognition; Country; Data; Data Collection; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Dimensions; Economic Factors; Economics; Effectiveness; Elderly; European; Exercise; Family; Growth; Health; Health Status; Heterogeneity; Household; Human Development; India; Inequality; Influentials; Institution; Language; Light; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Modification; Nature; Pain; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Philippines; Pilot Projects; Politics; Population; Positioning Attribute; Reporting; Research; Respondent; Sample Size; Self Assessment; Self Care; Sleep; Social Hierarchy; Social status; Social stratification; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Subgroup; Surveys; Testing; Thailand; Time; Translations; Variant; Vision; blind; design; global health; health disparity; health inequalities; human capital; improved; interest; peer; preference; psychosocial; public health relevance; purge; response; social inequality; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Studying health disparities by socioeconomic status (SES) is a long established research tradition. In recent years, interest in doing this in less developed and newly developing regions has been growing. This new interest in countries with emerging economies such as China, India and Brazil is well justified, not just because of their large populations but also because their rapid economic growth has been accompanied by increases in social inequality. However, unlike the well-documented positive association between SES and health in Western settings, findings from developing countries have revealed mixed and sometimes even contradictory patterns. In China, Philippines, and Thailand, for example, several studies found that certain lower status groups reported significantly better self-rated global health status, a widely used health indicator, than their better-off peers. One possible explanation pertains to the measurement bias in survey responses in that people of varying cultural, demographic, and SES backgrounds may adopt systematically different frames of reference in rating their overall health, an issue known as reporting heterogeneity. In this project, we propose to obtain bias-corrected SES gap estimates of self-rated health in Chinese adults. We will achieve this using anchoring vignettes, brief descriptions of hypothetical people or situations that survey respondents are asked to evaluate on the same scale as they use to assess their own situations. This project will draw data from the 2010-2014 waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), a newly launched nationally-representative longitudinal data collection project. Both vignettes and self-assessments were administered to all the adult respondents in the CFPS, yielding an unprecedentedly large sample size and hence greater statistical power compared to the previous research. Unlike previous studies using standard yet context-blind vignettes, the CFPS vignettes are designed specifically to anchor self-rated overall health in a general-purpose household survey where financial and time constraints prohibit collecting multiple domain-specific health ratings. The specific aims of this proposal are: (1) to assess validity and effectiveness of vignettes methodology in adjusting reporting heterogeneity in self-rated health among Chinese adults; and (2) to estimate disparities in vignette- adjusted self-rated health by different dimensions of objective and subjective SES in contemporary China. The hierarchical ordered probit model and its variants will be employed to analyze the data. We will exploit longitudinal measures in the CFPS to address the endogeneity in the relationship between SES and health. The empirical findings from this project will contribute to the growing efforts of improving and applying the vignettes methodology in measuring health inequalities across different population subgroups from different cultures and societies. The findings will also shed new light on the debate about the varying importance of different dimensions of SES in determining health.

 描述（由申请人提供）：研究社会经济地位（SES）的健康差异是一个悠久的研究传统。近年来，在较不发达和新发展中区域开展这项工作的兴趣日益浓厚。这种对中国、印度和巴西等新兴经济体国家的新兴趣是有道理的，不仅因为这些国家人口众多，还因为它们的经济快速增长伴随着社会不平等的加剧。然而，与西方社会经济地位与健康之间有据可查的积极关联不同，发展中国家的调查结果显示了混合的，有时甚至是矛盾的模式。例如，在中国、菲律宾和泰国，几项研究发现，某些社会地位较低的群体报告的自我评估的全球健康状况（一种广泛使用的健康指标）明显好于他们的富裕同龄人。一个可能的解释是调查回答中的测量偏差，即不同文化、人口统计学和社会经济地位背景的人在评估其整体健康状况时可能采用系统性不同的参考框架，这一问题被称为报告异质性。在这个项目中，我们建议获得偏差校正SES差距估计的自我评价健康在中国成年人。我们将使用锚定小插曲来实现这一点，即对假设的人或情况的简要描述，调查受访者被要求按照与他们评估自己情况相同的尺度进行评估。该项目将从2010-2014年的中国家庭跟踪研究（CFPS）中提取数据，CFPS是一个新推出的具有全国代表性的纵向数据收集项目。小插曲和自我评估管理的所有成年受访者在CFPS，产生了前所未有的大样本量，因此更大的统计能力相比，以前的研究。与以往的研究使用标准的，但上下文盲的小插曲，CFPS小插曲是专门设计的锚自我评价的整体健康在一般用途的家庭调查，财政和时间的限制，禁止收集多个特定领域的健康评级。本研究的具体目的是：（1）评估Vignettes方法在调节中国成年人自测健康报告异质性方面的有效性和效度;（2）评估当代中国成年人主观和客观社会经济地位不同维度在Vignettes调节后的自测健康报告异质性方面的差异。将采用分层有序概率单位模型及其变体分析数据。我们将利用CFPS中的纵向测量来解决SES与健康之间关系的内隐性。这一项目的实证研究结果将有助于不断努力改进和应用小插曲方法，以衡量来自不同文化和社会的不同人口亚群之间的健康不平等。这些发现也将为关于社会经济地位的不同维度在决定健康方面的不同重要性的辩论提供新的线索。