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Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

胎儿酒精谱系障碍模型

基本信息

批准号：
9260215
负责人：
Sandra M Mooney
金额：
$ 37.58万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-02-01 至 2022-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9260215
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adult Anatomy Animals Attention Attentional deficit Autopsy Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Biochemical Brain Brain region Cells Childhood Choline Clinical Cognition Cognitive Data Decision Making Development Dietary Intervention Dimensions Dose Ethanol Executive Dysfunction Experimental Designs Female Fetal Alcohol Exposure Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Glutamates Grant Hippocampus (Brain)Human Hyperactive behavior Image Impairment Individual Information Storage Intellectual functioning disability Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Memory Mind Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Morphology Neurons Nutritional Outcome Play Prefrontal Cortex Problem Solving Process Proteins Protons Rattus Reporting Rest Reversal Learning Rodent Model Role Sensory Short-Term Memory Structure Synapses System Testing Therapeutic Intervention Thinking Time Training alcohol effect alcohol exposure behavior test behavioral outcome choline supplementation cholinergic classical conditioning clinically relevant cognitive development critical period executive function experimental study flexibility frontal lobe gamma-Aminobutyric Acid improved improved outcome in vivo innovation interest learning ability male multidisciplinary neural circuit offspring postnatal prenatal prenatal exposure receptor response slow potential therapeutic development therapy development young adult

项目摘要

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term used to describe the range of outcomes that result from prenatal exposure to alcohol (ethanol). Behavioral effects may include hyperactivity, attention deficit, impaired sensory processing, and learning and memory problems. People with FASD may also have difficulties using information flexibly which likely underlies deficits in cognition. Such problems are thought to be seated in frontal cortices, including prefrontal cortex. Devising new strategies for amelioration of these problems has great clinical relevance. While deficits in learning and memory have been extensively demonstrated in rodent models of FASD, we will examine cognitive flexibility. We propose an innovative experimental design in which rats exposed to a moderate dose of ethanol prenatally are given choline AND behavioral training during adolescence. Either alone can improve learning and memory in normal animals, as well as in models of FASD. We have chosen the attentional set shifting and reversal learning task because it captures deficits reported in clinical observation of individuals with FASD and also because it can be used repeatedly in the same rats without observable diminution of responding or changes in task strategy. We propose a multidisciplinary set of experiments that will assess behavior, brain function and structure, as well as expression of neurometabolites. These experiments will determine whether modulating plasticity during frontal cortex development can improve both memory and problem solving in the same animals and how the effects manifest in brain connectivity and structure.

胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一个总称，用于描述胎儿酒精谱系障碍的范围