Identification of Host Factors Required for the Cytolytic Activity of Hemolysin from Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Identification of Host Factors Required for the Cytolytic Activity of Hemolysin from Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
批准号:
9322674
负责人:
Laura C Ristow
金额:
$5.92万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-09-01 至 2019-07-31
关键词:
AccountingAdhesionsAmino Acid SequenceBacterial InfectionsBindingBiological ModelsBladderBordetella pertussisCRISPR/Cas technologyCattleCell DeathCell LineCellsCessation of lifeComplementComplexCountryDataDiagnosisDirect CostsDoseEscherichia coliEukaryotic CellExotoxinsFamilyFamily memberGenerationsGenesGeneticGenomeGlycoside HydrolasesGolgi ApparatusGram-Negative BacteriaHemolysinHemorrhageHospitalsHumanHuman Cell LineITGB2 geneIn VitroIndividualInfectionIntegration Host FactorsIntegrin BindingIntegrin beta ChainsIntegrinsIntestinesKidneyKnock-outLeukocytesLibrariesLow Birth Weight InfantLung diseasesLymphocyteLymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Macrophage-1 AntigenMannheimia haemolyticaMediatingMeningesMouse Cell LineMusMutateMutationPeptide HydrolasesPertussisPremature BirthPreventionPrevention ProtocolsProteinsPyelonephritisRecurrenceReportingResearchResistanceRiskRoleSepsisSignal PathwaySignal TransductionSiteSite-Directed MutagenesisSpecies SpecificitySymbiosisTestingTherapeuticTherapeutic InterventionTimeToxinTreatment outcomeU937 CellsUreterUrinary tractUrinary tract infectionUropathogenic E. coliVirulence FactorsVisitWorkalpha Toxinbasecatheter associated UTIcell growth regulationcell typecommunity-acquired UTIcytotoxiccytotoxicitydesigngenome-wideglycosylationglycosyltransferasehumanized mouseimprovedin vivoinsightinterestmembermicrobiotamonocytemouse modelmutantoverexpressionpathogenpathogenic Escherichia colipreventprototypereceptorsignal peptide peptidasetherapeutic targeturinary
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英文摘要
Project Summary
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the causative agent in over 80% of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
On average, 8-9 million people are treated for uncomplicated UTIs and over 1 million people are diagnosed
with hospital-acquired UTIs annually in the US. Complications of UPEC infections include recurrent UTIs,
ascending infection into the ureters and kidneys resulting in pyelonephritis, and in severe cases, urosepsis and
death. Identifying and characterizing the mechanistic functions of UPEC virulence factors will lead to improved
prevention protocols and treatment for complicated UTIs. The hemolysin exotoxin (HlyA) is an important UPEC
virulence factor. HlyA is expressed in 31-48% of E. coli recovered from uncomplicated UTIs, while in strains
isolated from cases of pyelonephritis or urosepsis, 50-78% of strains express HlyA. At high doses, HlyA is
cytotoxic to a wide range of cell types and species, although the mechanism for initiating cell death remains
unclear. The proposed research will test the hypothesis that a host receptor or signaling pathway is subverted
by HlyA to cause cell death. A genome-wide selection of a CRISPR/Cas9 mutated library of eukaryotic cells
was performed to identify host factors that are required for HlyA-mediated cell death. Two hits were identified,
the integrin b2 subunit and signal peptide peptidase-like protein 3 (SPPL3), a protease involved in regulation of
cellular glycosylation. This research plan is designed to validate the top candidates by discrete CRISPR/Cas9
mediated genome targeting to disrupt genes of interest. Preliminary data in cell lines with the subunits of b2
family integrins targeted for disruption individually reveals that none of the individual alpha subunits of b2
integrins are necessary for HlyA cytotoxicity. The sufficiency of the four possible b2 family members for HlyA
cytotoxicity will be assess in this proposal. Based on the receptor range for HlyA, the interaction of HlyA with b2
family integrins will be characterized using site-directed mutagenesis targeting regions of interest. The role of
SPPL3 in HlyA mediated cytotoxicity will be validated by genetic disruption using CRISPR/Cas9. A protease-
deficient form of SPPL3, which cannot regulate glycosylation, will be used to complement SPPL3-deficient
cells to investigate additional roles for SPPL3 in HlyA cytotoxicity. The glycosylation state of b2 family integrins
will be examined in SPPL3 deficient and overexpressing cell lines. Finally, the receptor-mediated activity of
HlyA will be examined in a species specific manner. Human cells expressing b2 receptors are 100-fold more
sensitive to HlyA cytotoxic activity than mouse cells expressing b2 receptors. If the interaction is species
specific, in vivo work in the mouse model cannot accurately assess the role of HlyA in human UPEC infections
and the generation of a humanized mouse model will be warranted. This work will provide important insight into
the mechanistic function of HlyA-mediated cytotoxicity and provide the groundwork for therapeutic intervention
in complicated UTIs.
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