A diagnostic for maternal autoAb to Caspr2 to predict increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in children
A diagnostic for maternal autoAb to Caspr2 to predict increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in children
批准号:
9344768
负责人:
Ronald M Burch
金额:
$22.04万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-08-17 至 2018-07-31
关键词:
1 year oldAffectAmericanAnatomyAntibodiesAntigensAreaAutoantibodiesAutoimmunityAwarenessBehavioralBindingBiological AssayBiological MarkersBrainChildChimeric ProteinsClinicalCollaborationsCollectionCommunicationCompanionsConsensusData SetDefectDetectionDevelopmentDiagnosisDiagnosticDiagnostic testsDiamondDiseaseEarly InterventionEmploymentEnvironmental Risk FactorEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayEpitopesExhibitsExposure toExtracellular DomainFemaleFoundationsFutureGenesGenetic studyGoalsHistologicHumanHuman GeneticsImmunizeImpairmentIncidenceIndividualInjectableInstitutesInstitutionalizationIntegral Membrane ProteinKnowledgeLaboratoriesLeadMaternal antibodyMedical ResearchModelingMonkeysMonoclonal AntibodiesMothersMusMutationNeurodevelopmental DisorderNeurologicOutcomePartner in relationshipPathogenesisPathogenicityPatientsPersonsPhage DisplayPhasePhenotypePregnancyPrevalenceProteinsReactionResearchRiskRisk FactorsSafetySamplingSelf-Injurious BehaviorSerumSeveritiesSex BiasSmall Business Innovation Research GrantSocial InteractionSurfaceSymptomsTestingTherapeuticTimeWorkautism spectrum disorderbaseclinical diagnosticsclinical predictorscritical perioddesigndiagnostic assaydisorder riskexperimental studyfetalgenetic pedigreeimprovedinnovationmalematernal serumneutralizing antibodyoffspringpredictive markerpregnantprenatal exposurepreventprospectiverapid techniquerepetitive behaviortrend
中文摘要
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英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) describes a collection of neurodevelopmental abnormalities of varying
severity that have been estimated to impact more than 1% of Americans, mostly males. ASD can negatively
impact one’s ability to communicate and navigate social interactions. In its most severe forms, ASD also can
lead to self-destructive, repetitive behaviors that require afflicted persons be institutionalized for their own
safety. The prevalence of ASD has grown in recent decades;; one explanation for this trend is that poorly
appreciated environmental factors have raised the underlying incidence of the disorder.
Early in utero exposure to circulating maternal antibodies (Ab) has been implicated increasingly as a major
risk factor for children to develop ASD. This model posits that maternal antibodies bind to proteins on the
surface of the fetal brain and interfere with normal development. It is supported by studies in mice and
monkeys that have revealed that sera purified from mothers with ASD children, when injected before a critical
point in gestation, can trigger changes in brain anatomy and ASD-like behavioral phenotypes in offspring.
Indeed, > 10% of ASD cases may be explained by fetal exposure to maternal brain-reactive antibodies. Yet
this mode of pathogenesis has two salient consequences: 1) maternal Ab represent detectable biomarkers that
can indicate ASD risk, and 2) ASD risk could be mitigated by treating mothers with a “decoy antigen” to
neutralize deleterious antibodies. Spark2Flame (S2F) seeks to develop clinical products in both of these areas.
S2F’s efforts to identify ASD-risk biomarkers led to the isolation of a monoclonal antibody, C6, that
recognizes the transmembrane protein Caspr2, which has been associated with ASD through pedigree
analysis. Injecting pregnant mice with purified C6 causes defects in brain anatomy and behavioral phenotypes
in male offspring, recapitulating the sex-bias ASD shows in humans. Two additional Ab, cloned from other
mothers, also bind Caspr2. These results argue that Caspr2-reactive antibodies are predisposing for ASD.
In this Phase I SBIR, S2F will examine the feasibility of developing a predictive clinical diagnostic assay for
ASD-risk based on detecting maternal serum reactivity to Caspr2. In Aim 1, mice will be immunized with
Caspr2 before pregnancy to test the pathogenicity of pre-existing, polyclonal Caspr2 antibodies for disrupting
normal brain development. In Aim 2, S2F will develop a proof-of-concept ELISA method for rapidly and
inexpensively detecting Caspr2 reactivity in serum. Finally, to discover predictive biomarkers for ASD risk,
serum Caspr2-epitope binding profiles will be compared between mothers of a normally developing child and
mothers of an ASD child (Aim 3). Successful completion of this Phase I project will identify the most
deleterious Caspr2-reactive maternal antibodies, which will focus efforts to develop a predictive clinical
diagnostic assay and inform strategies to create a biologic therapeutic to neutralize these antibodies.
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Developing a prenatal biologic therapy to mitigate ASD risk from maternal autoantibodies to Caspr2
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批准号:9762135
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$67.8万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:Ronald M Burch
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依托单位:
Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic/Therapeutic Agent
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批准号:8832811
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$22.5万
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财政年份:2015
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负责人:Ronald M Burch
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依托单位:
海外基金