Psychosocial Protective Factors in Cognitive and Brain Aging

认知和大脑衰老中的心理社会保护因素

• 批准号: 9358669
• 负责人: Laura B Zahodne
• 金额: $ 24.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9358669
• 关键词: Affect; African American; Age; Aging; Attention; Behavioral; Brain Pathology; Buffers; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Computers; Consensus; Data; Dementia; Diagnosis; Education; Elderly; Emotional; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Exhibits; Fibrinogen; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Health Status; Hippocampus (Brain); Hispanics; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Infarction; Intervention; Life; Life Experience; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medical; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nerve Degeneration; Neuropsychology; Not Hispanic or Latino; Observational Study; Pathology; Phase; Population Heterogeneity; Psychosocial Factor; Race; Research; Research Training; Resources; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Social support; Subgroup; Testing; Thick; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; White Matter Hyperintensity; Work; age related; aging brain; aging population; base; career; cerebrovascular; cognitive ability; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive performance; cognitive testing; ethnic minority population; experience; hedonic; high risk; mild cognitive impairment; negative affect; neuroimaging; neuroimaging marker; neuropathology; novel; prevent; psychologic; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; satisfaction; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Identifying potential targets for interventions to reduce age-related cognitive morbidity in diverse elders is of critical importance to the rapidly expanding aging population in the U.S. Substantial evidence from observational studies suggest that modifiable positive psychosocial factors (i.e., well-being, self-efficacy, social support) are associated with better cognitive functioning among older adults. These effects are independent of negative affect (e.g., depression). However, little attention has been given to subgroups of older adults who are particularly vulnerable to age-related cognitive morbidity: African Americans, Hispanics, and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, it is unclear whether these positive psychosocial factors buffer against the negative cognitive effects of brain pathology, as measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging. This K99/R00 proposal lays the foundation for an independent research career focused on characterizing the mechanisms underlying psychosocial factors that protect against age-related cognitive morbidity among a diverse population. Together, the research and training plans will provide the applicant (1) supplementary training in modeling neuroimaging biomarker data in an aged population, (2) broader experience with psychosocial variables in aging, and (3) a strong foundation in cross-cultural neuropsychology. These experiences will supplement the applicant's strong existing background in geriatric neuropsychology and quantitative methods. The research plan expands an existing community-based longitudinal study of multi-ethnic older adults at Columbia University. This diverse population is followed every 18-24 months with cognitive testing, medical evaluation, health measures, and consensus diagnoses of MCI/dementia. A subset receives structural neuroimaging. This proposal adds well-validated, computer-based measures of psychosocial functioning and cognition from the NIH Toolbox. Cross-sectional and longitudinal structural equation models (SEM) will test relationships between positive psychosocial factors, cognition, and quantitated measures of hippocampal volume, regional cortical thickness, white matter hyperintensity volume, and infarcts. The primary goal is to characterize the role of positive psychosocial factors in late-life cognitive decline and to determine whether they reduce the impact of structural MRI markers of brain pathology on cognitive functioning.

描述（由申请人提供）：确定干预措施的潜在目标，以减少不同老年人中与年龄相关的认知发病率，对于美国迅速扩大的老龄化人口至关重要。观察性研究的大量证据表明，可改变的积极心理社会因素（即幸福感、自我效能、社会支持）是 与老年人更好的认知功能有关。这些影响与负面情绪（例如抑郁）无关。然而，很少有人关注特别容易出现与年龄相关的认知疾病的老年人亚群：非裔美国人、西班牙裔和患有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的人。此外，还不清楚这些积极的心理社会因素是否可以缓冲大脑病理学的消极认知影响（通过结构磁共振成像测量）。这项 K99/R00 提案为​​独立研究生涯奠定了基础，该研究重点是描述心理社会因素的潜在机制，以防止不同人群中与年龄相关的认知疾病。研究和培训计划将为申请人提供（1）在老年人群神经影像生物标志物数据建模方面的补充培训，（2）对老龄化心理社会变量的更广泛经验，以及（3）跨文化神经心理学的坚实基础。这些经验将补充申请人在老年神经心理学和定量方法方面现有的强大背景。该研究计划扩展了哥伦比亚大学现有的基于社区的多种族老年人纵向研究。每 18-24 个月对这个多样化的人群进行一次认知测试、医学评估、健康测量和 MCI/痴呆症共识诊断。一个子集接受结构神经成像。该提案增加了来自 NIH 工具箱的经过充分验证的、基于计算机的社会心理功能和认知测量方法。横截面和纵向结构方程模型 (SEM) 将测试积极心理社会因素、认知和海马体积、区域皮质厚度、白质高信号体积和梗塞的定量测量之间的关系。主要目标是描述积极心理社会因素在晚年认知能力下降中的作用，并确定它们是否减少大脑病理结构 MRI 标记对认知功能的影响。