Psychosocial Protective Factors in Cognitive and Brain Aging

认知和大脑衰老中的心理社会保护因素

• 批准号: 9358669
• 负责人: Laura B Zahodne
• 金额: $ 24.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9358669
• 关键词: Affect; African American; Age; Aging; Attention; Behavioral; Brain Pathology; Buffers; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Computers; Consensus; Data; Dementia; Diagnosis; Education; Elderly; Emotional; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Exhibits; Fibrinogen; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Health Status; Hippocampus (Brain); Hispanics; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Infarction; Intervention; Life; Life Experience; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medical; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nerve Degeneration; Neuropsychology; Not Hispanic or Latino; Observational Study; Pathology; Phase; Population Heterogeneity; Psychosocial Factor; Race; Research; Research Training; Resources; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Social support; Subgroup; Testing; Thick; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; White Matter Hyperintensity; Work; age related; aging brain; aging population; base; career; cerebrovascular; cognitive ability; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive performance; cognitive testing; ethnic minority population; experience; hedonic; high risk; mild cognitive impairment; negative affect; neuroimaging; neuroimaging marker; neuropathology; novel; prevent; psychologic; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; satisfaction; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Identifying potential targets for interventions to reduce age-related cognitive morbidity in diverse elders is of critical importance to the rapidly expanding aging population in the U.S. Substantial evidence from observational studies suggest that modifiable positive psychosocial factors (i.e., well-being, self-efficacy, social support) are associated with better cognitive functioning among older adults. These effects are independent of negative affect (e.g., depression). However, little attention has been given to subgroups of older adults who are particularly vulnerable to age-related cognitive morbidity: African Americans, Hispanics, and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, it is unclear whether these positive psychosocial factors buffer against the negative cognitive effects of brain pathology, as measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging. This K99/R00 proposal lays the foundation for an independent research career focused on characterizing the mechanisms underlying psychosocial factors that protect against age-related cognitive morbidity among a diverse population. Together, the research and training plans will provide the applicant (1) supplementary training in modeling neuroimaging biomarker data in an aged population, (2) broader experience with psychosocial variables in aging, and (3) a strong foundation in cross-cultural neuropsychology. These experiences will supplement the applicant's strong existing background in geriatric neuropsychology and quantitative methods. The research plan expands an existing community-based longitudinal study of multi-ethnic older adults at Columbia University. This diverse population is followed every 18-24 months with cognitive testing, medical evaluation, health measures, and consensus diagnoses of MCI/dementia. A subset receives structural neuroimaging. This proposal adds well-validated, computer-based measures of psychosocial functioning and cognition from the NIH Toolbox. Cross-sectional and longitudinal structural equation models (SEM) will test relationships between positive psychosocial factors, cognition, and quantitated measures of hippocampal volume, regional cortical thickness, white matter hyperintensity volume, and infarcts. The primary goal is to characterize the role of positive psychosocial factors in late-life cognitive decline and to determine whether they reduce the impact of structural MRI markers of brain pathology on cognitive functioning.

描述（由申请人提供）：确定干预措施的潜在目标，以减少与年龄相关的多元化长者中与年龄相关的认知发病率，这对于美国在美国迅速扩大的老龄化人口至关重要，来自观察性研究的大量证据表明，可修改的积极的心理社会因素（即，福祉，自我效能，社会支持，社会效能，社会支持）是 与老年人的认知功能更好有关。这些影响与负面影响无关（例如抑郁症）。但是，对特别容易受到与年龄有关的认知发病率的老年人的亚组的关注很少：非洲裔美国人，西班牙裔和有轻度认知障碍的人（MCI）。此外，尚不清楚这些阳性的社会心理因素缓冲液是否通过结构磁共振成像来测量脑病理的负面认知作用。这项K99/R00提案为独立研究职业奠定了基础，重点是表征心理心理因素的基础机制，这些机制可以防止不同人群中与年龄相关的认知发病率。研究和培训计划将为申请人提供（1）补充培训，以建模老年人群的神经影像学数据，（2）（2）在衰老中对心理社会变量的更广泛的经验，以及（3）跨文化神经心理学的强大基础。这些经验将补充申请人在老年神经心理学和定量方法中的现有背景。该研究计划扩大了哥伦比亚大学多民族老年人的现有基于社区的纵向研究。每18-24个月进行一次多样化的人群，进行认知测试，医学评估，健康措施和MCI/痴呆症的共识诊断。子集接收结构性神经影像学。该提案增加了NIH工具箱的精心验证的，基于计算机的心理功能和认知度量。横截面和纵向结构方程模型（SEM）将测试阳性心理因素，认知和海马体积的定量测量，区域皮质厚度，白质超强度体积和梗塞之间的关系。主要目标是表征阳性社会心理因素在晚期认知下降中的作用，并确定它们是否减少了脑病理学的结构MRI标记对认知功能的影响。