Psychosocial protective factors in cognitive and brain aging

认知和大脑衰老的心理社会保护因素

• 批准号: 8751591
• 负责人: Laura B Zahodne
• 金额: $ 13.22万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8751591
• 关键词: Address; Affect; African American; Age; Aging; Attention; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain Pathology; Buffers; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Computers; Consensus; Data; Dementia; Diagnosis; Education; Elderly; Emotional; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Exhibits; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Health Status; Hippocampus (Brain); Hispanics; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Infarction; Intervention; Life; Life Experience; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medical; Mental Depression; Methods; Minority Groups; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nerve Degeneration; Neuropsychology; Not Hispanic or Latino; Observational Study; Pathology; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Psychosocial Factor; Race; Research; Research Training; Resources; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Social support; Subgroup; Testing; Thick; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; White Matter Hyperintensity; Work; age related; aged; aging brain; aging population; base; career; cerebrovascular; cognitive change; cognitive function; emotional factor; experience; hedonic; high risk; mild cognitive impairment; neuroimaging; neuropathology; novel; prevent; psychologic; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; satisfaction; social

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Identifying potential targets for interventions to reduce age-related cognitive morbidity in diverse elders is of critical importance to the rapidly expanding aging population in the U.S. Substantial evidence from observational studies suggest that modifiable positive psychosocial factors (i.e., well-being, self-efficacy, social support) are associated with better cognitive functioning among older adults. These effects are independent of negative affect (e.g., depression). However, little attention has been given to subgroups of older adults who are particularly vulnerable to age-related cognitive morbidity: African Americans, Hispanics, and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, it is unclear whether these positive psychosocial factors buffer against the negative cognitive effects of brain pathology, as measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging. This K99/R00 proposal lays the foundation for an independent research career focused on characterizing the mechanisms underlying psychosocial factors that protect against age-related cognitive morbidity among a diverse population. Together, the research and training plans will provide the applicant (1) supplementary training in modeling neuroimaging biomarker data in an aged population, (2) broader experience with psychosocial variables in aging, and (3) a strong foundation in cross-cultural neuropsychology. These experiences will supplement the applicant's strong existing background in geriatric neuropsychology and quantitative methods. The research plan expands an existing community-based longitudinal study of multi-ethnic older adults at Columbia University. This diverse population is followed every 18-24 months with cognitive testing, medical evaluation, health measures, and consensus diagnoses of MCI/dementia. A subset receive structural neuroimaging. This proposal adds well-validated, computer-based measures of psychosocial functioning and cognition from the NIH Toolbox. Cross-sectional and longitudinal structural equation models (SEM) will test relationships between positive psychosocial factors, cognition, and quantitated measures of hippocampal volume, regional cortical thickness, white matter hyperintensity volume, and infarcts. The primary goal is to characterize the role of positive psychosocial factors in late-life cognitive decline and to determine whether they reduce the impact of structural MRI markers of brain pathology on cognitive functioning.

项目摘要/摘要 确定干预措施的潜在目标，以降低不同老年人的年龄相关认知发病率 对美国迅速增长的老龄化人口至关重要。大量证据来自 观察性研究表明，可修改的积极心理社会因素(即幸福感、自我效能感、社交 支持)与老年人更好的认知功能有关。这些影响独立于 消极情绪(例如，抑郁)。然而，很少有人注意到老年人的亚群 特别容易受到与年龄相关的认知障碍的影响：非洲裔美国人、西班牙裔美国人和患有 轻度认知障碍(MCI)。此外，尚不清楚这些积极的心理社会因素是否会起到缓冲作用。 通过结构磁共振测量，对抗大脑病理的负面认知效应 成像。 这项K99/R00提案为专注于表征 心理社会因素在老年人中预防年龄相关认知障碍的机制 多样化的人口。研究和培训计划将一起为申请人提供(1)补充 在老年人群中模拟神经成像生物标记物数据的培训，(2)更广泛的经验 老龄化中的心理社会变量，以及(3)跨文化神经心理学的坚实基础。这些 经验将补充申请人在老年神经心理学和现有的强大背景 数量化方法。 这项研究计划扩大了现有的基于社区的多种族老年人纵向研究， 哥伦比亚大学。这些不同的人群每18-24个月接受一次认知测试、医学检查 MCI/痴呆症的评估、健康措施和共识诊断。一个子集接收结构 神经成像。这项建议增加了经过充分验证的、基于计算机的心理社会功能测量方法，并 来自美国国立卫生研究院工具箱的认知。横截面和纵向结构方程模型(SEM)将测试 积极心理社会因素与认知和海马区量化指标的关系 体积、局部皮质厚度、白质高信号体积和脑梗塞。主要目标是 描述积极的心理社会因素在晚年认知衰退中的作用，并确定 它们减少了大脑病理的结构MRI标记物对认知功能的影响。