Brain-to-brain dynamical Coupling: A New framework for the communication of social knowledge

项目摘要 现实生活中的社会互动需要两个或多个大脑之间的动态互动， 每个人都在倾听、说话、行动，并相互适应，以达成共同的理解。阐明 大脑如何形成这种共同的理解需要从“一个大脑”转变为“多个大脑”的框架， 参考，以及从人工实验室条件到自然，现实生活中的设置。在这里，我们概述了一部小说 识别支持关于社会现象的知识的脑间动态耦合的框架（例如， 心理状态、社会规范、情绪等），以下简称“社会知识”。远景目标 我们实验室的一个目标是了解神经网络如何在大脑内部和大脑之间耦合， 使社会理解和连通性的信息。我们打算开发一种新的脑对脑 耦合框架，以更好地了解社会概念是如何在大脑中表示，以及它们是如何 在大脑中传递以实现群体凝聚力。本申请的总体目标是确定 在现实生活中的互动过程中，促进扬声器和听众之间的耦合的机制。这种方法 是创新的，因为它使用了新的实验范式，优化研究社会互动， 采用fMRI和fNIRS方法（单扫描和超扫描）， 包括开发新的分析方法，用于模拟大脑对复杂的、自然的、 现实生活中的社会刺激。这一贡献是重要的，因为拟议的研究将提供 对人类大脑的核心功能的新见解：通过动态和 互动地创造和分享社会知识。本申请中提出的工作将推进 关于大脑如何处理和分享信息以促进社会理解和意愿的知识 为检测和诊断交流和发育障碍提供新的方法。

Project Summary Social interaction in real-life contexts necessitates dynamical interactions among two or more brains as individuals listen, speak, act, and mutually adapt to one another to reach shared understanding. Elucidating how brains forge such shared understanding requires shifting from a “one-brain” to a “multiple-brain” frame of reference, as well as from artificial laboratory conditions to natural, real-life settings. Here we outline a novel framework to identify inter-brain dynamical coupling that underpins knowledge about social phenomena (e.g., mental states, social norms, emotions, etc.), henceforth referred to as "social knowledge". The long-term goal of our laboratories is to understand how neural networks couple, within and across brains, to create and share information that enables social understanding and connectedness. We intend to develop a novel brain-to-brain coupling framework to better understand how social concepts are represented in the brain and how they are transferred across brains to achieve group cohesiveness. The overall objective of this application is to identify mechanisms that facilitate coupling across a speaker and a listener during real–life interaction. This approach is innovative because it uses new experimental paradigms optimize for studying social interactions in naturalistic contexts, employs both fMRI and fNIRS methods (single scanning and hyperscanning), and includes development of novel analysis methods for modeling shared brain responses to complex, natural social stimuli in real-life contexts. This contribution is significant because the proposed research will provide new insights into a central function of the human brain: the ability to connect with others by dynamically and interactively creating and sharing social knowledge. The work proposed in this application will advance knowledge of how brains process and share information in ways that promote social understanding and will produce new approaches for detecting and diagnosing communication and developmental disorders.