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Rates of histone turnover and functional significance in fetal alcohol syndrome

胎儿酒精综合征中的组蛋白周转率和功能意义

基本信息

批准号：
9315673
负责人：
NADIA RACHDAOUI
金额：
$ 18.41万
依托单位：
RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2019-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9315673
关键词：
Acetaldehyde Address Adverse effects Affect Alcohols Amygdaloid structure Animals Apoptosis Area Behavioral Biological Markers Brain Brain Injuries Brain region Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Cell Cycle Cell Death Cell Survival Cells Central Nervous System Diseases Cerebellum Cerebral cortex Cerebrum Characteristics Child Code Cognitive deficits Complex Corpus Callosum Coupled Cytoplasmic Granules DNA DNA Damage DNA Methylation DNA Repair Disorder DNA Repair Gene Defect Deuterium Oxide Development Diagnosis Disease Dysmorphology Epigenetic Process Ethanol Ethanol Metabolism Face Fetal Alcohol Exposure Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Development Fetus Fiber Gene Expression Gene Expression Regulation Gene Proteins Gene-Modified Genes Genomic Instability Growth Half-Life Hippocampus (Brain)Histones Human Hypothalamic structure Individual Investigation Kinetics Label Lead Location Mass Spectrum Analysis Measurement Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mental Health Methods Microcephaly Modeling Molecular Neuroglia Neurons Pathology Pathway interactions Phenotype Physiological Post-Translational Protein Processing Prefrontal Cortex Production Protein Biosynthesis Protein Isoforms Proteins Proteome Proteomics Public Health Radial Rattus Reactive Oxygen Species Research Personnel Resolution Role Social Adjustment Stable Isotope Labeling Structural defect Study models Techniques Teratogenic effects Thalamic structure Therapeutic Intervention Third Pregnancy Trimester Time Tissues Tracer Variant Work adverse outcome alcohol consumption during pregnancy alcohol effect alcohol exposure alcohol prevention base beta-Endorphin biomarker discovery brain size cell growth critical developmental period critical period epigenetic regulation epigenome fetal histone modification improved in vivo innovation laser capture microdissection neurobehavioral neurogenesis neuron loss neuroproteomics neurotoxic novel postnatal prenatal prenatal exposure protein degradation protein expression public health relevance response social stress stable isotope stress tolerance tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a significant public health problem and can result in a continuum of adverse outcomes to the fetus known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). These disorders range from growth retardation to neurobehavioral alterations including mental health problems, poor social adjustment and poor stress tolerance. Fetal alcohol defects range from diminution in the size of the brain region to microstructural pathology at the level of loss of neurons and glial cells, ectopic locations of neurons and glia, or defects in fiber tracts. The neurotoxic actions of ethanol during development reduce the number of hippocampal neurons, cortical neurons, cerebral granule and Purkinje neurons and hypothalamic neurons. Our work and that of others have shown that alcohol metabolism releases bi-products, such as acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause DNA damage and in conditions of DNA repair deficiencies can lead to genomic instability and cell death. Recent investigation of possible epigenetic mechanisms involving DNA methylation and histone modifications as mediators of alcohol's adverse effects on the brain of the fetus provides a promising approach for understanding the complex observable characteristics associated with FAS. Unfortunately, to this point, all of the methods that have been used to study epigenetic modifications of genes causing many fetal alcohol syndrome phenotypes rely on static measurements. We believe that quantifying histone turnover might be an important parameter that can contribute to better understanding of epigenetic regulation of gene expression in developing brain. Our central hypothesis is that histone turnover might be an important parameter that can contribute to the ethanol-mediated epigenetic alterations leading to defects in gene expression and cell survival. We propose to use a novel stable isotope tracer method that we recently developed, which enables measurements of protein synthesis and turnover in vivo, to answer this question. The studies outlined in this proposal will couple standard proteomic analyses with our kinetic method using heavy water labeling and LC-MS/MS to simultaneously measure the half-life and abundance of core histones, histone variants and their post-translationally modified isoforms and determine the functional significance of histone turnover on gene expression and protein network, with specific emphasis on DNA damage response pathways. The proposed studies are highly innovative as they would be the first to characterize histone kinetics in the developing brain, they may also identify new areas for therapeutic intervention as well as markers for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.