Self-Determination Theory as a Framework for Evaluating Within-Person Effects of Personalized Normative Feedback on Drinking

项目总结/摘要 过度饮酒有许多负面影响，这些影响在美国已经有充分的记录。 大学生，包括数千人死亡，数十万人袭击，数百万学术 后果因此，NIAAA制定了一个目标，即“开发和改善预防酒精的干预措施 滥用，酒精使用障碍和酒精相关的后果”有一个具体的意图“发展和 评估预防和减少年轻人滥用酒精的策略，包括大学生。 幸运的是，有一些有效的干预措施可以减少过度饮酒和酒精相关的 个性化规范反馈干预（PNF）。在PNF中，参与者被告知他们的 饮酒与他们对同伴饮酒的看法以及实际的同伴饮酒进行比较。当这些认知 一旦得到纠正，酗酒者就会减少饮酒和相关问题。尽管PNF有效， 对于PNF何时以及为谁工作以减少问题， 喝酒这种理解将导致干预措施的改进，以进一步减少有问题的饮酒。到 为了实现NIAAA的目标，我们转向理论解释（即，自决理论）和更近 测量（人内分析），以提供对PNF的更好理解。该项目将实施 一项随机、对照的PNF干预研究，300名大学生重度饮酒者将参加一项2.5 一周，生态瞬时评估，以记录干预措施对日常规范的影响 认知、消费和酒精相关问题。数据分析将评估以下因素之间的相互作用 在饮酒日水平上的规范和自决（即，在人的层面上， （人与人之间）。接受干预的人有望减少饮酒和酒精相关的 问题，但这种影响预计将特别强烈，对于那些谁是较低的 在日常的自决中（即，人内）和基线（即，人与人之间）。本研究 将研究干预的有效性是如何改变的自决之间和人内的感觉。 拟议的项目支持NIAAA战略计划的目标，即改善治疗酒精滥用的干预措施， 紊乱和后果通过这个项目，该领域将有更好的了解强大的 干预和预测年轻人饮酒，使这种有问题的饮酒， 处理和减少。通过这个项目和与之相关的培训，我将继续 发展成为一名酒精研究人员，致力于利用先进的社会心理学理论和方法， 提高干预措施的有效性，以减少有问题的酒精消费。最后，该奖项和 该项目完成后，将在道德操守、方法、统计和写作方面为 有前途的年轻研究人员，并将解决创新研究的人内的重大需求 分析社会规范，酒精消费，基础理论和干预措施的影响。

Project Summary / Abstract Excessive alcohol consumption has many negative consequences that have been well documented among college students, including thousands of deaths, hundreds of thousands of assaults, and millions of academic consequences. As a result, NIAAA has set a goal to “Develop and Improve Interventions to Prevent Alcohol Misuse, Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol-Related Consequences” with a specific intention to “Develop and evaluate strategies to prevent and reduce alcohol misuse among young adults, including those in…college.” Fortunately, there are a number of effective interventions that reduce excessive drinking and alcohol-related problems including personalized normative feedback interventions (PNF). In PNF, participants are told how their drinking compares to their perceptions of peer drinking as well as actual peer drinking. When these perceptions are corrected, heavy drinkers reduce their drinking and associated problems. Despite the effectiveness of PNF, there is considerable room for improved understanding of when and for whom PNF works to reduce problematic drinking. This understanding will lead to intervention improvements to further reduce problematic drinking. To work toward NIAAA's goals, we turn to theoretical explanation (i.e., self-determination theory) and more proximal measurement (within-person analyses) to provide an improved understanding of PNF. This project will implement a randomized, controlled PNF intervention for 300 college student heavy drinkers, who will participate in a 2.5 week, ecological momentary assessment to document the effects of the intervention on day-to-day normative perceptions, consumption, and alcohol-related-problems. Data analysis will evaluate the interaction between norms and self-determination at the level of drinking days (i.e., within-persons) and that at the level of the person (between-persons). People who receive the intervention are expected to reduce drinking and alcohol-related problems relative to the control group, but this effect is expected to be particularly strong for those who are lower in self-determination from day-to-day (i.e., within persons) and at baseline (i.e., between-persons). This study will examine how intervention effectiveness is altered by self-determination felt between- and within-persons. The proposed project supports the NIAAA strategic plan's goal of improving interventions to treat alcohol misuse, disorders, and consequences. Through this project, the field will have a better understanding of powerful interventions and predictors of young adult drinking, allowing this problematic drinking to more effectively be addressed and reduced. Through this project and the training associated with conducting it, I will continue to develop as an alcohol researcher, working to use advanced social psychological theory and methodology to increase effectiveness of interventions to reduce problematic alcohol consumption. In conclusion, the award and completion of this project will afford substantial training in ethics, methodologies, statistics, and writing, to a promising young researcher and will address the significant need for innovative research on within-person analysis of the effects of social norms, alcohol consumption, basic theory, and interventions.