Dissecting the origins of a complex reproductive trait: nematode self fertility
Dissecting the origins of a complex reproductive trait: nematode self fertility
批准号:
9216579
负责人:
RONALD E ELLIS
金额:
$30.59万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-01-01 至 2020-12-31
关键词:
AddressAffectAgingAnimal ModelAnimalsAreaBehaviorBiologyCaenorhabditisComparative StudyComplexDeltastabDevelopmentDevelopmental BiologyEvolutionFemaleFertilityGLI Family ProteinGene Expression RegulationGenesGeneticGenetic ProcessesGenetic ScreeningGenomeGerm CellsHealthHumanHuman DevelopmentHybridsInformal Social ControlKnock-outLaboratoriesLearningLife StyleMalignant NeoplasmsMedicalMethodsModelingMolecular ModelsMutationNatural experimentNematodaOocytesPartner in relationshipPathway interactionsPlayProcessRNA InterferenceRecording of previous eventsRegulationReproductionReproductive BehaviorResearchRoleSelf-control as a personality traitSeriesSexual DevelopmentSperm Count ProcedureSpermatogenesisSystemTestingTimeWorkbasecomparativedarwinismeggexperimental studygenetic resourceinterestmalemolecular modelingmutantnoveloffspringreproductivereverse geneticssex determinationsperm cellsperm qualitytheoriestooltrait
中文摘要
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英文摘要
One of the most important questions in evolutionary biology is how new traits originate. To find answers,
this proposal focuses on the origin of self-‐‑fertility in some species of roundworms. These species produce
hermaphrodites that look like females, but make their own sperm and fertilize their own eggs. Surprisingly,
these types of hermaphrodites evolved independently on many separate occasions. Thus, genetic comparisons
between different roundworm species provide a natural system for learning about evolution in the laboratory.
Two of these species are particularly useful. C. nigoni is male/female , but C. briggsae makes hermaphrodites.
Despite this dramatic difference, the two species are so closely related that they can mate and produce fertile
offspring. Hence, genetic comparisons between them should reveal which genes control self-‐‑fertility.
The central hypothesis in this proposal is that new traits like self-‐‑fertility originate in three steps. The first
produces preconditions that are required for the new trait. The unequal distribution of these preconditions
means that some species are more likely to evolve a particular trait than others. The second step involves a
precipitating change that produces the new trait in an unrefined form, by co-‐‑opting older genetic processes. The
third stage consists of reinforcing changes that optimize the trait. The mutations controlling each step can be
identified by their behavior in the tests described below.
Aim #1: Determine how sexual development is controlled in male/female species of roundworms. These
results will define the ancestral sex-‐‑determination pathway and identify preconditions for self-‐‑fertility.
Aim #2: Identify C. briggsae genes that are necessary and sufficient for XX spermatogenesis. Swapping
genes between female and hermaphroditic species will reveal which genes are sufficient to make herma-‐‑
phrodites. These genetic changes might have precipitated the transition to self-‐‑fertility. Other genes that only
affect the number or quality of sperm in hermaphrodites probably helped optimize this trait after it first arose.
Aim #3: Use forward and reverse genetics to learn how self-‐‑fertility is regulated in C. tropicalis. Dissecting
the genetic regulation of self-‐‑fertility in a third species will test these predictions about how it is controlled.
In roundworms, the Gli protein TRA-‐‑1 plays a key role in the control of sexual development, and interacts
with other medically relevant genes to control which germ cells form eggs and which make sperm. Thus, these
studies will provide new information about the regulation of genes that play important roles in human health.
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会议论文
Regulation of the Gli protein TRA-1 by co-factors
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批准号:9237835
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$30.59万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:8007542
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$12.78万
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财政年份:2010
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:7869398
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.8万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:7647122
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.08万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:7507668
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.08万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:8296612
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$13.65万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:8725022
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$13.96万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
Evolution of Developmental Regulatory Pathways
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批准号:8089540
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.52万
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财政年份:2008
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负责人:RONALD E ELLIS
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依托单位:
海外基金