Effects of sniffing dynamics on olfactory bulb processing

嗅觉动力学对嗅球处理的影响

• 批准号: 9229475
• 负责人: Thomas P Eiting
• 金额: $ 5.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9229475
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Attention; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cells; Code; Complex; Complex Mixtures; Data; Discrimination; Disease; Dorsal; Environment; Esthesia; Food; Frequencies; Genetic; Glean; Goals; Image; Individual; Injury; Lead; Link; Mammals; Maps; Molecular; Mono-S; Mus; Nature; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Optics; Pattern; Play; Population; Preparation; Process; Reporter; Role; Sampling; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Smell Perception; Source; Stimulus; Synapses; Testing; Time; Translating; Work; awake; experimental study; imaging study; improved; information processing; insight; mitral cell; novel therapeutic intervention; object recognition; olfactory bulb; olfactory sensory neurons; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; spatiotemporal; tool

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It has long been hypothesized that active sampling in the olfactory system-"sniffing"-plays a critical role in the processing of odor information. Though sniffing occurs in bouts lasting up to several seconds and containing dozens of individual sniffs, most work addressing the importance of this phenomenon has focused on the first sniff. This proposal expands upon previous work and considers the importance of the entire sniffing bout as it relates to the processing of odors. Three functional hypotheses about the importance of sniffing are examined by analyzing optical signals of olfactory bulb activity in anesthetized and awake mice that are being presented with various odors across a range of sniffing frequencies. Specific attention is paid to how early principal neurons of the olfactory circuit, olfactory sensory neurons and mitral cells, are differentially modulated by sniffing, and how processing by these cells contributes to information coding. Whereas most work on information processing by the olfactory bulb considers mono-molecular odorants, in this project complex mixtures are examined, owing to their importance in the natural environment. By incorporating behaviorally relevant sampling strategies and odor stimuli, the proposed experiments will provide insight into how the initial processing stages of the olfactory system incorporate sniffing-related dynamics to encode odor information.

 描述（由申请人提供）：长期以来一直假设嗅觉系统中的主动采样-“嗅闻”-在气味信息的处理中起着关键作用。虽然嗅闻发生在持续数秒的发作中，并且包含数十个单独的嗅闻，但大多数解决这种现象的重要性的工作都集中在第一次嗅闻上。该建议扩展了以前的工作，并认为整个嗅回合的重要性，因为它涉及到处理的气味。通过分析麻醉和清醒小鼠嗅球活动的光学信号，研究了三个功能性假设的重要性，这些小鼠在一系列的嗅探频率下呈现各种气味。特别注意的是如何早期的嗅觉回路，嗅觉感觉神经元和二尖瓣细胞的主要神经元，差异调制的嗅探，以及如何处理这些细胞有助于信息编码。虽然大多数关于嗅球信息处理的工作都考虑了单分子气味剂，但由于它们在自然环境中的重要性，本项目研究了复杂的混合物。通过将行为相关的采样策略和气味刺激，拟议的实验将提供洞察嗅觉系统的初始处理阶段如何将嗅探相关的动态编码气味信息。