Understanding the disclosure of sexual violence among college women.

了解女大学生性暴力的披露。

• 批准号: 9378742
• 负责人: Kathleen Helen Krause
• 金额: $ 3.7万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2018-05-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9378742
• 关键词: 18 year old; Advisory Committees; Affect; Age; Behavior; Censuses; Climate; Computer Assisted; Country; Data; Data Collection; Disclosure; Distress; Enrollment; Environment; Equation; Ethics; Event; Experimental Designs; Face; Female Adolescents; Forcible intercourse; Future; Gold; Health; Health Benefit; Internet; Interview; Language; Life; Linear Regressions; Literature; Logistic Regressions; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Police; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevalence; Prevalence Study; Randomized; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Schools; Sex Behavior; Social Desirability; Social support; Students; Suicide; Sum; Surveys; Survivors; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Trauma; United States; Universities; Woman; World Health Organization; assault; base; binge drinking; college; design; evidence base; experience; experimental study; high school; innovation; low and middle-income countries; novel; population based; response; satisfaction; screening; sexual assault; sexual risk taking; sexual violence; social; undergraduate student; university student

Project Summary/ Abstract Rape and sexual assault are common experiences on the university campus in the United States; approximately 20% of women experience attempted or completed rape or sexual assault while in college and approximately 18% of first-year undergraduate women report having experienced attempted or completed rape or sexual assault since age 14. The field currently lacks experimental studies that investigate how different methodological approaches affect sexual violence (SV) disclosure. Testing theoretically-based hypotheses via experimental design will advance the field of SV measurement by establishing an evidence base founded upon causal inference. Using the conceptual model for the relationship of social support to health, we propose to investigate the measurement issues that affect disclosure of SV via survey among first-year undergraduate women to achieve the following aims: Aim 1. Conduct a randomized 2x2 factorial survey experiment, varying mode of administration (face-to-face interview vs. computer-assisted self-interview) and introductory language (supportive vs. neutral) to understand factors associated with disclosure. Aim 2. Examine how social support affects satisfaction with survey participation. Aim 3. Explore how social support in everyday life influences the disclosure of SV and reactions to participation in the survey using structural equation modeling. In order to achieve these aims, we will enroll 400 first-year undergraduate women at Emory University, who are at least 18 years old, using a census approach. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups as outlined in Aim 1. Participants will complete a survey on topics that include: demographic background, perceived social support, experiences of SV, social reactions to disclosure of SV, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, social desirability, and reactions to research participation. We will use logistic and linear regression, as well as structural equation modeling to analyze the data. To our knowledge, this study is the first to operationalize and systematically test the provision of social support within a measurement environment. The factorial design tests two forms of social support, either or both of which could be implemented if proven to facilitate disclosure and/or reduce survivors' negative reactions to survey participation. Given the immediate and long-term mental health benefits associated with a SV disclosure that is met with social support, this proposal offers a significant innovation to SV measurement. Conceptually, this study unites the literature on best practice methodology from research within the United States and in low- and middle-income countries by testing face to face interviewing, as ethical best practice. This proposal would make a timely and novel contribution to the field of SV measurement, informing best practice for data collection in the White House Task Force Campus Climate Surveys, and its findings could be applied to efforts related to SV surveillance and screening.

项目摘要/摘要 强奸和性侵犯是美国大学校园里常见的经历； 约20%的女性在大学期间经历过强奸未遂或既遂强奸或性侵犯， 约18%的一年级本科生女性报告经历过强奸未遂或强奸未遂或强奸未遂 或从14岁开始的性侵犯。该领域目前缺乏研究如何不同于 方法方法影响性暴力(SV)的披露。通过以下方式检验基于理论的假设 实验设计将通过建立建立在以下基础上的证据基础来推进SV测量领域 因果推论。 利用社会支持与健康关系的概念模型，我们建议调查 影响一年级本科生女性通过调查披露SV的测量问题 目的：1.进行随机2×2析因调查实验， 管理(面对面面试与计算机辅助自我面试)和介绍性语言 (支持性与中立性)了解与披露相关的因素。目标2.研究社会支持如何 影响参与调查的满意度。目标3.探索日常生活中的社会支持如何影响 使用结构方程模型披露SV和对参与调查的反应。 为了实现这些目标，我们将在埃默里大学招收400名一年级本科生，她们 使用人口普查的方法，他们至少18岁。参与者将被随机分配到四个组中的一个 目标1中概述的小组。参与者将完成一项关于以下主题的调查：人口统计 背景、领悟到的社会支持、性暴力经历、对性暴力披露的社会反应、创伤后 应激障碍症状、社会可取性和对研究参与的反应。我们将使用物流和 采用线性回归、结构方程建模等方法对数据进行分析。 据我们所知，这项研究是第一次操作和系统地测试社会福利的提供 在测量环境中提供支持。析因设计测试两种形式的社会支持，或者 如果被证明有助于披露和/或减少幸存者的负面影响，这两项措施都可以实施 对参与调查的反应。考虑到与心理健康相关的直接和长期好处 社会支持的SV披露，这一建议提供了一个重大创新的SV测量。 从概念上讲，这项研究统一了美国国内关于最佳实践方法论的研究文献 在国家和低收入和中等收入国家，通过测试面对面访谈，将其作为道德最佳做法。 这一建议将对SV测量领域做出及时和新颖的贡献，最好地告知 白宫特别工作组校园气候调查的数据收集实践，其结果可能是 适用于与SV监测和筛查相关的工作。