PROJECT 2 - TRANSLATIONAL STUDIES ON EARLY-LIFE STRESS

呼吸酒精评估(BRACE)培训，强调生物反馈和关于影响的教育 酒精是一种干预措施，在预防方案的背景下可能是有价值的。第一季度初步数据 我们的实验室已经确定了训练后酒后驾车方式的持久变化。这个 该项目的总体目标是将支架培训的可行性和益处的量化扩展到 报告早期生活压力(ELS)的成年人。ELS，定义为18岁期间遭受虐待或忽视的经历，是一种 酒精中毒的危险因素，与成年后的记忆缺陷有关。患有ELS的个体 尤其容易焦虑，这是酒精使用障碍的另一个风险因素。因此，标识一个 能够将这些人过度饮酒的可能性降至最低的干预措施至关重要 重要性。该项目将招募三组不依赖酒精的饮酒者：没有ELS的个人， 有ELS的个体和ELS加高特质焦虑的个体。该项目将区分基线 支具准确性(目标1)、支具训练效果(目标2)、支具训练对酒精使用的影响 和相关行为(目标3)，以及对酒精损害记忆、平衡和 模拟驾驶(目标4)在这些组之间。这三组的成年人将被随机分配到 将参加前期培训、培训和测试的干预和控制组。在此期间 在两个小时内，受试者将得到相当于四杯标准饮料的饮料。一个 认知/行为测试组件将在饮酒前后完成，受试者将 估计多个时间点的呼气酒精浓度。在培训期间，干预措施 小组，而不是对照组，将接受支架训练。在测试阶段后的一个月和三个月后， 所有受试者将返回实验室，并完成关于酒精摄入量和 与酒精相关的冒险行为，包括酒后驾车。我们假设 支撑错误和与酒精相关的记忆障碍在ELS焦虑组中最高，其次是 ELS组，然后是no ELS组。我们还假设支撑训练在所有方面都是有效的。 三组。 相关性(见说明)：本研究与公共卫生的相关性： 该项目将确定在两个有重大风险的人群中进行教育干预的可行性 酗酒和依赖：伴有和不伴有特质焦虑的ELS患者。《项目》 还将衡量这种培训在改变醉酒时的饮酒和驾驶方面的有效性 这些种群。成功完成这项提案的具体目标将澄清呼吸的效用 酒精评估培训是对酗酒者的一种可行的干预。

Breath alcohol estimation (BrACE) training, which emphasizes biofeedback and education about the effects of alcohol, is an intervention that may be valuable in the context of prevention programs. Preliminary data in our laboratory have identified enduring post-training changes in approaches to drinking and driving. The overarching goal of this Project is to extend quantification of the feasibility and benefits of BrACE training to adults who report early life stress (ELS). ELS, defined as experience of abuse or neglect through age 18, is a risk factor for alcoholism and has been associated with memory deficits in adulthood. Individuals with ELS are particularly prone to anxiety, an additional risk factor for alcohol use disorders. Thus, identification of an intervention that can minimize the potential for excess alcohol use among these individuals is of paramount importance. This Project will recruit three groups of nondependent alcohol drinkers: individuals with no ELS, individuals with ELS, and individuals with ELS plus high trait anxiety. The Project will differentiate baseline BrACE accuracy (Aim 1), efficacy of BrACE training (Aim 2), the influence of BrACE training on alcohol use and related behaviors (Aim 3), and sensitivity to the impairing effects of alcohol on memory, balance, and simulated driving (Aim 4) among these groups. Adults in these three groups will be randomized to Intervention and Control groups that will attend pretraining, training, and testing sessions. During these sessions, subjects will receive the equivalent of four standard drinks in a two-hour period. A cognitive/behavioral test battery will be completed before and after alcohol drinking, and subjects will estimate breath alcohol concentration at multiple time points. During the training session, the Intervention group, but not the Control group, will receive BrACE training. One and three months after the testing session, all subjects will return to the laboratory and complete self-report questionnaires regarding alcohol intake and alcohol-related risk-taking behaviors, including driving under the influence of alcohol. We hypothesize that BrACE errors and alcohol-related memory impairments will be highest in the ELS+Anxiety group, followed by the ELS group, then the no ELS group. We also hypothesize that BrACE training will be efficacious in all three groups. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Relevance of this Research to Public Health: The Project will identify feasibility of an educational intervention in two populations at significant risk for alcohol abuse and dependence: individuals with ELS with and without concurrent trait anxiety. The Project will also measure the effectiveness of this training in altering alcohol use and driving while intoxicated in these populations. Successful completion of this proposal's Specific Aims will clarify the utility of breath alcohol estimation training as a viable intervention for binge drinkers.