Individual Differences in Online Sentence Processing and Offline Comprehension

在线句子处理和离线理解的个体差异

• 批准号: 9263692
• 负责人: Matthew Warren Lowder
• 金额: $ 3.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-07-03
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9263692
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adult; Area; Behavioral; Cognitive; Comprehension; Development; Electrophysiology (science); Event-Related Potentials; Eye; Eye Movements; Gardenal; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Language; Longevity; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Modeling; Nature; Neurocognitive; Participant; Pattern; Play; Population; Process; Psycholinguistics; Public Health; Reader; Reading; Research; Role; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Variant; Work; cognitive neuroscience; experience; experimental study; indexing; language comprehension; literacy; literate; novel strategies; preference; public health relevance; reading ability; reading comprehension; relating to nervous system; response; syntax; tool; virtual

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The scientific study of language comprehension has proceeded along two largely independent lines of research: experiments that examine online sentence processing using measures such as eye-tracking during reading and event-related potentials (ERPs) on the one hand, and experiments that probe readers' offline interpretation of what was read on the other. The current project aims to bridge these two areas by investigating the extent to which behavioral and neural measures of online sentence processing can be used to predict readers' offline comprehension of what was read. The project focuses in particular on temporary structural ambiguities (garden-path sentences; e.g., While Anna dressed the baby played in the crib), as previous work has shown that readers differ considerably with respect to their online processing and offline interpretation of these types of sentences. Further, the projec examines how individual differences in two key cognitive constructs-working-memory capacity and print exposure-mediate the relationship between online processing and offline comprehension. The project addresses three specific aims: (1) What are the online reading-time patterns that give rise to correct versus incorrect offline interpretations of temporarily ambiguou sentences? (2) What are the online electrophysiological signatures that give rise to correct versus incorrect interpretations of temporarily ambiguous sentences? (3) How are the relationships between online processing and offline interpretation mediated by individual differences in working-memory capacity and print exposure? The project addresses these three specific aims in two experiments that employ eye-tracking and ERPs to measure online sentence processing, as well as comprehension questions to measure offline interpretation. In addition, reading-span and spatial-span tasks will be administered to assess working-memory capacity, and the Author Recognition Test will be administered to assess print exposure. The knowledge gained from this project will contribute to theoretical models and methodological advancement in the fields of psycholinguistics and the cognitive neuroscience of language.

 描述（由申请人提供）：语言理解的科学研究已经沿着沿着两条基本上独立的研究路线进行：一方面，使用诸如阅读期间的眼动跟踪和事件相关电位（ERP）的测量来检查在线句子处理的实验，另一方面，探索读者对所读内容的离线解释的实验。目前的项目旨在通过调查在线句子处理的行为和神经测量在多大程度上可以用来预测读者对所读内容的离线理解来弥合这两个领域。该项目特别侧重于临时结构歧义（花园路径句子;例如，虽然安娜穿衣服的婴儿在婴儿床玩），因为以前的工作表明，读者相当大的差异，就他们的在线处理和离线解释这些类型的句子。此外，该项目还研究了两个关键认知结构工作记忆容量和打印确认的个体差异如何调节在线处理和离线理解之间的关系。该项目解决了三个具体目标：（1）什么是在线阅读时间模式，导致正确和不正确的离线解释暂时歧义句？(2)什么是在线电生理特征，导致暂时模糊的句子的正确和不正确的解释？(3)在线加工和离线解释之间的关系是如何通过工作记忆容量和印刷品暴露的个体差异来调节的？该项目在两个实验中解决了这三个具体目标，这些实验采用眼动追踪和ERP来测量在线句子处理，以及理解问题来测量离线解释。此外，将进行阅读广度和空间广度任务以评估工作记忆能力，并将进行作者识别测试以评估印刷品暴露。从这个项目中获得的知识将有助于心理语言学和语言的认知神经科学领域的理论模型和方法的进步。