Reading and eye-hand coordination in amblyopic children

工程摘要 弱视是儿童单眼视力损害的最常见原因， 一百个孩子。弱视通常是由于双眼不一致的输入， 斜视或屈光参差。感觉和视力缺陷已经确定 在弱视文献中;然而，弱视对发展中的视觉认知功能的影响， 而视觉系统则较少为人所知。最初的研究表明，缓慢的阅读和不良的精细运动能力， 弱视儿童和成人，即使他们有一只眼睛在双眼观察下具有正常的视力 条件然而，对这些缺陷的原因仍然知之甚少。斜视和屈光参差 将入组4-12岁的弱视或非弱视儿童，并与一组儿童进行比较。 正常对照组的孩子。将在这些儿童群体中开展三个项目。眼球运动 阅读将使用EyeLink 1000双目眼跟踪系统和颞眼-手跟踪系统进行评估。 将对视觉引导到达点和视觉引导精确抓取过程中的协调性进行评估 使用EyeLink 1000和LEAP运动捕捉设备。这些研究将确定感官 缺陷（视敏度、立体视敏度、抑制）、眼功能障碍（凝视不稳定、异常 视觉规划和手部运动指导的缺陷影响阅读、伸手和 弱视儿童在双眼条件下的抓握。实验数据将决定 发育过程中异常视觉体验对视觉认知和视觉功能的影响 系统，提供有关成熟过程中感觉和运动整合的信息，并有助于确定更多的 有效的弱视治疗和学术住宿，让弱视儿童茁壮成长。

Project Abstract Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocular vision impairment among children, affecting 2 or 3 of every 100 children. Amblyopia commonly results when there is binocularly discordant input associated with strabismus or anisometropia during visual development. Sensory and oculomotor deficits are well-established in the amblyopia literature; yet, the functional consequences of amblyopia on the developing visuocognitive and visuomotor systems are less known. Initial studies show slow reading and poor fine motor ability in amblyopic children and adults, even when they have one eye with normal visual acuity under binocular viewing conditions. Yet, causes of these impairments remain poorly understood. Strabismic and anisometropic children, with or without amblyopia, between the ages of 4-12 years will be enrolled and compared to a group of normal control children. Three projects will be conducted in these groups of children. Eye movements during reading will be evaluated using the EyeLink 1000 binocular eye tracking system, and temporal eye-hand coordination during visually-guided reach-to-point and during visually-guided precision grasp will be evaluated using the EyeLink 1000 and the LEAP Motion capture device. These studies will determine how sensory deficits (visual acuity, stereoacuity, suppression), oculomotor dysfunction (gaze instability, abnormal saccades), and deficits in visual planning and guidance of hand movements affect reading, reaching and grasping in amblyopic children under binocular conditions. Data from the proposed experiments will determine the consequences of abnormal visual experience during development on the visuocognitive and visuomotor systems, provide information on sensory and motor integration during maturation, and aid in determining more effective amblyopia treatments and academic accommodations that allow amblyopic children to thrive.