Complex Systems Science Approaches to Addressing Oral Health Disparities
解决口腔健康差异的复杂系统科学方法
基本信息
- 批准号:9751645
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 24.27万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAdultAffectApplied ResearchBehaviorBostonCaregiversCharacteristicsChildChild HealthCommunitiesComplexComputer SimulationComputersConsumptionDataData CollectionDentalDental CareDevelopmentDiffusionDisadvantagedDiseaseDissectionEpidemiologistEpidemiologyEtiologyFeedbackGeographyGoalsHealthHealth StatusHealth behaviorHousingIndividualInterventionInvestmentsLow incomeMeasuresMentorsMethodsMinority GroupsModelingNetwork-basedOral healthOutcomePathway AnalysisPathway interactionsPerformancePharmaceutical PreparationsPhasePopulationPopulation DynamicsPopulation GroupPovertyProbabilityPropertyPublic HousingQuality of lifeResearchResourcesRiskSamplingScienceShapesSocial EnvironmentSocial InteractionSocial NetworkSocial ProcessesStructureSystemTestingTimeTrainingWorkbasebehavior changebehavioral healthburden of illnesscareercomputerized toolsdesigndisadvantaged populationdisorder preventionexperiencehealth disparityimprovedinstrumentmembermodels and simulationmultidisciplinarypopulation healthracial and ethnicsimulationskillssocialsocial movementsocial stigmasugarsweetened beveragetheoriestool
项目摘要
Oral health disparities, particularly among children, continue to be a pressing problem in the US. While the oral
health of children has improved overall, those from disadvantaged population groups continue to suffer from a
greater than average disease burden. Oral health disparities reflect a complex set of pathways and
mechanisms with bidirectional associations (feedback loops) that traverse the macro- and micro-levels of
disease causation. The overall goal of this proposal is to facilitate the candidate’s long term career goal of
becoming an independent social epidemiologist capable of investigating disease causation and prevention
through a complex systems-based perspective. The current proposal aims to provide the candidate with the
opportunity to develop the necessary skills and experience to achieve research independence by extending
their formal training in epidemiology and applied experiences in oral health disparities research. Development
activities proposed during the mentored phase are related to training the candidate in Complex Systems
Science (CSS) approaches, namely social network analysis (SNA) and agent-based modeling (ABM). Training
will occur through coursework, multidisciplinary mentoring and applied research experiences. The primary
vehicle for development is the research plan. The proposed research aims to use CSS approaches to better
understand the factors and mechanisms underlying oral health among a disadvantaged population, and to
improve the strategies aimed at improving oral health, thereby reducing observed disparities. These
approaches facilitate an understanding of the population, social interaction and environmental influence
simultaneously and can explore interactions, feedback loops and reciprocity between independent and
dependent variables. The first phase of the proposed work aims to develop a detailed conceptual model of oral
health disparities that captures the multi-level mechanisms and will be used to inform the development of an
agent-based model. ABM refers to the use of stochastic computer simulations to understand how the
distribution of health and disease on a population level emerge from explicitly programmed health behaviors,
social interactions and movements of simulated individuals over simulated time. An ABM of oral health and
social networks among residents of public housing will be developed and utilized to identify viable intervention
targets. The second phase of the work proposes to conduct a longitudinal SNA of adult caregivers of young
children residing in public housing. SNA is an empirical tool that has been utilized to better understand the
social context within which individuals interact. The planned analysis will serve to provide longitudinal data that
can be used to validate the estimates of intervention targets obtained from the agent-based model.
Additionally, the feasibility and acceptability of a potential network-based intervention will be evaluated within
the sample. Completion of the described aims will represent one of the first applications of complex systems
science methods to oral health disparities and demarcate the independent research career of the candidate.
口腔健康差异,特别是儿童之间的差异,仍然是美国的一个紧迫问题。虽然口头
儿童的健康状况总体上得到改善,但弱势群体儿童的健康状况继续恶化,
高于平均疾病负担。口腔健康差异反映了一系列复杂的途径,
具有双向关联(反馈回路)的机制,这些机制贯穿宏观和微观层面,
致病原因本提案的总体目标是促进候选人的长期职业目标,
成为独立的社会流行病学家,能够调查疾病的原因和预防
通过一个复杂的基于系统的视角。目前的建议旨在为候选人提供
有机会发展必要的技能和经验,以实现研究的独立性,通过扩大
他们在流行病学方面的正规培训和在口腔健康差异研究方面的应用经验。发展
在指导阶段提出的活动与对候选人进行复杂系统方面的培训有关
科学方法,即社会网络分析(SNA)和基于代理的建模(ABM)。培训
将通过课程,多学科指导和应用研究经验发生。主
发展的动力是研究计划。拟议的研究旨在使用CSS方法更好地
了解弱势群体口腔健康的因素和机制,
改进旨在改善口腔健康的战略,从而减少观察到的差距。这些
方法有助于了解人口、社会互动和环境影响
同时,可以探索相互作用,反馈回路和相互作用之间的独立和
因变量第一阶段的拟议工作旨在制定一个详细的概念模型的口头
健康差距,抓住了多层次的机制,并将用于告知发展,
基于Agent的模型ABM指的是使用随机计算机模拟来了解
健康和疾病在人群水平上的分布来自明确规划的健康行为,
社会互动和运动的模拟个人在模拟的时间。口腔健康的ABM
发展和利用公共住房居民之间的社交网络,以确定可行的干预措施
目标的第二阶段的工作建议对年轻人的成年照顾者进行纵向国民账户体系,
住在公共房屋的儿童。国民账户体系是一种经验工具,用于更好地了解
社会环境中的个人互动。计划进行的分析将提供纵向数据,
可用于验证从基于代理的模型获得的干预目标的估计。
此外,将在以下范围内评估潜在的基于网络的干预措施的可行性和可接受性:
示例.上述目标的完成将是复杂系统的首批应用之一
科学的方法,以口腔健康的差距和划定候选人的独立研究生涯。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Brenda Heaton其他文献
Brenda Heaton的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Brenda Heaton', 18)}}的其他基金
Modeling Complex Mechanisms Underlying Oral Health Disparities in Young Children and Their Caregivers
模拟幼儿及其照顾者口腔健康差异背后的复杂机制
- 批准号:
10893769 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 24.27万 - 项目类别:
Preconception periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a prospective cohort of pregnancy planners
妊娠计划者前瞻性队列中的孕前牙周炎和不良妊娠结局
- 批准号:
10727141 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 24.27万 - 项目类别:
Modeling Complex Mechanisms Underlying Oral Health Disparities in Young Children and Their Caregivers
模拟幼儿及其照顾者口腔健康差异背后的复杂机制
- 批准号:
10374518 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 24.27万 - 项目类别:
Modeling Complex Mechanisms Underlying Oral Health Disparities in Young Children and Their Caregivers
模拟幼儿及其照顾者口腔健康差异背后的复杂机制
- 批准号:
10491836 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 24.27万 - 项目类别:
Photo-enhanced messaging to address dietary sugars as a common risk factor for chronic disease
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9978023 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 24.27万 - 项目类别:
Photo-enhanced messaging to address dietary sugars as a common risk factor for chronic disease
光增强信息传递解决膳食糖作为慢性病的常见危险因素
- 批准号:
9808349 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 24.27万 - 项目类别:
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