Heterogeneous Effects of Retirement on Health and Cognition: The Role of Job Demands

退休对健康和认知的异质影响：工作需求的作用

• 批准号: 9751152
• 负责人: Italo Lopez Garcia
• 金额: $ 24.85万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2021-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9751152
• 关键词: Address; Age; Aging; Agreement; Behavior; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Consumption; Country; Coupled; Data; Dementia; Economics; Elderly; Eligibility Determination; Etiology; Europe; Goals; Government; Health; Health Expenditures; Health and Retirement Study; Heterogeneity; Impaired cognition; Incentives; Individual; Investments; Length; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Literature; Mediating; Mental Health; Modeling; Nature; Occupational; Occupations; Outcome; Pensions; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Research Personnel; Retirement; Role; Schools; Shock; Social Security; Source; Structure; Surveys; Theoretical model; United States; Variant; Work; base; cognitive change; cognitive function; cohort; design; experience; experimental study; health data; human capital; individual variation; labor force participation; physical conditioning; preference; programs; protective behavior; repaired; skills; sociodemographics; trend

Project Summary/Abstract Structural demographic changes in recent decades have increased the proportion of an individual’s life spent in retirement, challenging the financial sustainability of Social Security and other public programs. In order to cope with these problems, many governments have implemented policies aimed at increasing the average retirement age of the population. However, the implications of later retirement for health outcomes, particularly cognitive functioning, are still not well understood. Studying the effects of retirement on cognition requires a unified framework that recognizes these effects may be different for individuals with different work experiences and job demands and that, by allowing for different sources of individual heterogeneity, is able to reconcile previous mixed evidence on the signs of these effects. In this study we examine the effects of retirement on cognition in the United States by developing and estimating a life-cycle model in which workers with different occupational job demands optimally choose consumption, when to retire, and cognitive repair investments. The model will be estimated with longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study and the O*NET skills survey, and it will be used to assess the causal effect of retirement on cognitive decline for workers with different occupations by conducting counterfactual policy experiments. Our approach provides a unified framework to estimate heterogeneous retirement effects on cognition, and to study how occupational job demands moderate this relationship, as well as the mediating role of cognitive repair investments.

项目摘要/摘要 近几十年来结构性人口变化增加了 个人在退休方面的生活，挑战社会保障的财务可持续性和 其他公共计划。为了解决这些问题，许多政府已经 实施政策旨在增加人口的平均退休年龄。然而， 后来退休对健康结果的影响，尤其是认知功能，仍然是 不太了解。研究退休对认知的影响需要一个统一的框架 认识到这些效果的个人可能会有所不同 工作需求，通过允许不同的个人异质性来源， 调和以前关于这些影响迹象的证据。 在这项研究中，我们研究了退休对美国认知的影响 开发和估算生命周期模型 要求最佳选择消费，何时退休和认知维修投资。 模型将通过健康和退休研究的纵向数据估算 o*净技能调查，它将用于评估退休对认知的因果 通过进行反事实政策实验，有不同占领的工人的下降。 我们的方法提供了一个统一的框架，以估计对异构退休影响的影响 认知，并研究占领工作的要求如何调节这种关系，以及 调解认知维修投资的作用。