Developing Methodology to examine causal mediation of Time-Varying Effects in Smoking Cessation Treatments

开发方法来检查戒烟治疗中时变效应的因果调节

• 批准号: 9754035
• 负责人: Donna Lynn Coffman
• 金额: $ 31.98万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9754035
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cessation of life; Computer software; Coronary heart disease; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Ecological momentary assessment; Educational workshop; Enrollment; Event; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Measurement; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Moods; Outcome; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Physical activity; Process; Publications; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Research Personnel; Risk Factors; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Statistical Methods; Technology Assessment; Testing; Time; Time Study; Tobacco use; Work; base; behavior change; behavioral health intervention; cost effective; craving; design; effective intervention; improved; journal article; nicotine patch; nicotine replacement; pedometer; physical inactivity; public health intervention; smoking abstinence; smoking cessation; symposium; tool; treatment response; user friendly software; varenicline

This project will examine new methods for understanding time-varying causal mediation effects in smoking cessation interventions. Mediation occurs when an independent variable (e.g., smoking cessation intervention) has an effect on an outcome (e.g., smoking abstinence) through a third variable (e.g., reduction in craving). In other words, we will develop new ways to understand the mechanisms by which smoking cessation interventions cause changes in people's smoking behavior, and how these effects vary over time. Understanding how interventions have their effect is key to designing more powerful, efficient interventions. To improve smoking cessation interventions, this proposal focuses on improving methods for the understanding of how people stop smoking and continue to abstain from smoking following a smoking cessation intervention. More broadly, the methods that we propose to develop will help us understand what causes behavioral interventions to affect people's engagement in and maintenance of healthy behaviors. We will develop and extend methods for analyzing intensive longitudinal data and conducting mediation analysis to better study time-varying effects, which refer to effects of one variable on another that change (i.e., strengthen or diminish) over time. We will extend methods, based on the potential outcomes framework for causal inference, to draw more valid causal inferences about time-varying effects in mediation and then apply these methods to two smoking cessation intervention studies. First, we will use ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data that asked people about their craving, mood, and smoking abstinence while they were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of combination nicotine replacement therapy, the nicotine patch alone, and varenicline to develop mediation models in which the effect of the various study drugs on smoking abstinence is mediated by cravings or mood. These effects may vary over time. For example, a study drug may be very effective at reducing cravings shortly after the quit day, but the effect may weaken over time. Second, using data from pedometers, we will assess the effect of a physical activity/ smoking cessation intervention on daily step count and whether increases in daily step counts in turn have an effect on smoking cessation. We will disseminate the methods we develop in user-friendly software (e.g., R packages), journal articles, and conference presentations and workshops that are accessible to behavioral intervention researchers. Methods and findings will ultimately allow researchers to understand how their interventions work. With this knowledge, they will be able to design more efficacious and cost-effective interventions for smoking cessation by targeting the most relevant mediator(s) at the most relevant time.

这个项目将研究新的方法来理解吸烟的时变因果中介效应