Examining Obesity Declines Among School Children: The Role of Changes in the Food and Physical Activity Environments

检查学童肥胖下降情况：食物和身体活动环境变化的作用

• 批准号: 9754255
• 负责人: Punam Ohri-Vachaspati
• 金额: $ 72.49万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9754255
• 关键词: 18 year old; Address; Adult; Age; Attention; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Childhood; Cities; Collection; Communities; Country; Data; Data Quality; Dyslipidemias; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exhibits; Food; Funding; Gender; Goals; Height; High Prevalence; Home environment; Household; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Locales; Low income; Measures; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; New Brunswick; New Jersey; Nurses; Obesity; Outcome; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Prevention; Protocols documentation; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Role; School Nursing; School-Age Population; Schools; Source; Students; Subgroup; Surveys; Time; Weight; Work; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; design; drinking water; environmental change; environmental intervention; experience; high risk; improved; obesity in children; prospective; school district; sound; trend; urban school

Project Summary The proposed project is designed to identify alterable factors in the food and physical activity (PA) environment that contribute to declines in obesity rates among school children. Childhood obesity has been associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease both during childhood and later as adults. While overall obesity rates remain high in the US, there have been promising reports of declines among specific subgroups across the country. Yet, little is known about the causes of such declines. This project aims to identify changes in the food and PA environments in schools and the surrounding communities that predict sustained obesity declines over time among a panel of K-12 schools, and explore whether these predictors differ by race/ethnicity, age, and gender of students. The project will also identify those community- and school-level changes that are most common among schools with sustained obesity declines and examine whether the distinguishing changes differ by race/ethnicity, age, and gender. The study will prospectively follow 120 schools (30,000 students/year) over the eight-year study period. Building on our pilot data and established rapport with school nurses, professionally measured heights, weights, and demographic data on students will be collected at four time points. At parallel times, school nurses will be surveyed to identify changes in food and PA environments in the schools (e.g., salad bars, drinking water in cafeterias, recess) and changes in the food and PA environment surrounding schools will be documented (e.g., new / renovated parks and trails and upgraded corner stores). Changes will be geocoded to establish proximity to schools. The Impact of our proposed research derives from our having identified schools for study that have experienced declines and increases in obesity rates and our ability to identify alterable factors in the environment that can be linked to obesity trends among varied age, gender, and race/ethnicity groups. The findings will provide critical evidence for developing tailored community and school interventions for reducing the burden of childhood obesity.

项目摘要 拟议的项目旨在确定食物和体力活动中的可变因素 (PA)这一环境有助于降低学童肥胖率。童年 肥胖与儿童时期心血管疾病的高风险有关， 后来长大成人。虽然美国的总体肥胖率仍然很高，但有一些令人鼓舞的报告显示， 在全国范围内的特定子群体中下降。然而，人们对这一现象的原因知之甚少。 这种下降。该项目旨在确定学校食品和PA环境的变化， 在一组K-12儿童中，预测肥胖持续下降的周围社区 学校，并探讨这些预测因素是否因种族/民族，年龄和学生性别而异。 该项目还将确定社区和学校一级最常见的变化 在肥胖持续下降的学校中， 不同种族/民族，年龄和性别。该研究将前瞻性跟踪120所学校（30，000人） 学生/年）在8年的学习期间。基于我们的试点数据和建立的融洽关系 与学校护士，专业测量的身高，体重和学生的人口统计数据将 在四个时间点收集。同时，学校护士将接受调查，以确定变化 在学校的食物和PA环境中（例如，沙拉吧、食堂的饮用水、课间休息）， 将记录学校周围食品和PA环境的变化（例如，新的/ 翻新的公园和小径以及升级的街角商店）。将对更改进行地理编码， 靠近学校。我们提出的研究的影响来自我们已经确定的学校 对于肥胖率下降和增加的研究以及我们识别肥胖的能力 环境中的可变因素可能与不同年龄，性别， 和种族/民族群体。这些发现将为开发定制的 社区和学校干预措施，以减轻儿童肥胖的负担。