Y2Prevent: Preventing Drug Use and HIV through Empowerment, Social Support and Mentorship

Y2Prevent：通过赋权、社会支持和指导预防吸毒和艾滋病毒

• 批准号: 9757740
• 负责人: Michele D. Kipke
• 金额: $ 25.6万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9757740
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adopted; Adoption; Adult; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Anal Sex; Area; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Buffers; Caring; Caucasians; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cities; Communities; Consent; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diffuse; Discrimination; Drug Addiction; Drug Screening; Drug usage; Early Intervention; Economics; Education; Exercise; Exposure to; Family; Feedback; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Generations; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Hispanics; Home environment; Homophobia; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Illicit Drugs; Incidence; Individual; Intention; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Lead; Life; Literature; Low income; Maintenance; Manuals; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mentorship; Minority; Modeling; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Pharmacotherapy; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Primary Prevention; Protocols documentation; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Safe Sex; Schools; Self Efficacy; Seroprevalences; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social support; Stress; Structure; Testing; Tobacco; Unsafe Sex; Vision; Work; Workplace; Youth; alcohol misuse; base; condoms; drug abuse prevention; empowerment; evidence base; experience; health care service utilization; health disparity; high risk; illicit drug use; improved; infection risk; inner city; innovation; member; men; novel; operation; positive youth development; pre-exposure prophylaxis; programs; protective behavior; racial and ethnic; racial minority; racism; resilience; response; satisfaction; sex; sexual minority; sexual risk behavior; skills; social; social capital; social disparities; social exclusion; social skills; success; theories; therapy design; trend; violence exposure; violence victimization; young adult; young man; young men who have sex with men

ABSTRACT African Americans represent only 14% of the population, but account for 44% of all new HIV infections reported yearly. The situation is particularly grave for Black/African American young men who have sex with men (AAYMSM), with seroprevalence rates of 19% for ages 15-22 and 26% for ages 23-29 among AAYMSM. These health outcomes are influenced by important social and structural factors, including violence and victimization, homophobia, discrimination, institutional racism, and economic and social marginalization. These experiences are significantly associated with illicit drug use, alcohol misuse, transactional sex work, and HIV risk behaviors. In response to this crisis, we are proposing to create a new theoretically driven, youth- centered intervention designed to build the capacity of AAYMSM to overcome these barriers to health. With this revised R34 application, we propose to further refine and pilot test an intervention, called Young Men's Adult Identity Mentoring (YM-AIM). Adapted from an existing CDC Diffusing Effective Behavioral Intervention, YM-AIM is a theory-driven, group-level intervention designed to help AAYMSM develop a healthy vision for their future (or “possible future self”) by defining a set of short- and long-term goals in the areas of education, health, family and intimate relationships. We propose to further strengthen and refine YM-AIM by adding a youth mentoring/support component, called Youth Initiated Mentoring (YIM). YIM uses a positive youth development framework to: a) build social capital to achieve immediate and long-term goals, b) build social support, c) identify and engage natural mentors in one's networks to address structural barriers, and d) develop relationships with supportive adults. We will integrate these two models into a single intervention called Y2Prevent. We will then work to further adapt, tailor, and evaluate Y2Prevent as an intervention to reduce illicit drug use and HIV/STI risk among AAYMSM. This intervention will emphasize: a) biomedical HIV prevention strategies for primary prevention, b) HIV/STI testing and treatment referral, c) drug screening and treatment referral, and d) positive youth development and future planning. We will conduct formative research to inform the adaptation/tailoring followed by a piloting of the new intervention to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and the preliminary efficacy. Our proposed positive youth development and resilience theory provide a strong, innovative framework for examining how AAYMSM with significant exposure to syndemic health and social disparities respond to engagement with prevention and treatment resources. The proposed intervention is intended to promote resilience, build social skills and assets among AAYMSM to help them recognize and overcome individual, social and structural barriers leading to risk, and adopt and maintain protective behaviors, such as safer sex, PrEP/PEP use, HIV/STI testing and healthcare utilization. The findings will inform the development of an R01 application that will propose a larger-scale, multi-city efficacy trail in a subsequent R01 application.

非洲裔美国人只占人口的14%，但却占所有新感染艾滋病病毒的44%