Investigating The Cardiovascular Toxicity Of Exposure To Electronic Hookah Smoking

研究电子水烟对心血管的毒性

• 批准号: 9647995
• 负责人: Mary Rezk-Hanna
• 金额: $ 21.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9647995
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Affect; Air Pollution; Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidants; Aorta; Arylesterase; Ascorbic Acid; Atherosclerosis; Attention; Attenuated; Award; Belief; Biological Markers; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Buffers; Caliber; Carbon; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiac; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Charcoal; Cigarette; Cross-Over Studies; Deterioration; Development; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Electronic cigarette; Epidemic; Exposure to; Female; Flavoring; Future; Glycerol; Goals; Heating; High Density Lipoproteins; Human; IL8 gene; Impairment; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Infusion procedures; Inhalation; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Intravenous; Lipoproteins; Liquid substance; Literature; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Methodology; Nicotine; Oral cavity; Oxidative Stress; Oxides; Pathogenesis; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Plasma; Play; Policies; Process; Propylene Glycols; Regulation; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; TNF gene; Tars; Testing; Tobacco; Toxic effect; Toxicant exposure; Toxin; Translational Research; United States; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Water; Youth; aerosolized; arterial stiffness; base; brachial artery; combustion product; comparative; cytokine; electronic hookah; fine particles; hookah; indexing; pipe smoking; pressure; prevent; research study; tobacco regulatory science; tobacco toxicant; vapor; virtual; young adult

Abstract Hookah (water-pipe) smoking is rapidly increasing in popularity worldwide. Contributing to this popularity is the unsubstantiated belief that traditional hookah smoke is detoxified as it passes through the water-pipe. More recently, electronic hookah bowls—containing e-liquid that is heated electrically but inhaled through traditional water-pipes—are increasing in popularity in the United States among young female adults, who endorse marketing claims that these products are even safer than traditional hookah. With traditional hookah, in addition to nicotine and tar, smokers are exposed to carbon-enriched fine particles and significant amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), the latter of which has been shown to constitute an endothelial-dependent vasodilator. Though toxicant exposure is much lower than traditional hookah and without any CO exposure, e-hookah bowls deliver nicotine and fine particles that constitute putative vascular toxins. The main objective of this project is to investigate the comparative effects of traditional hookah smoking versus electronic hookah bowl inhalation on endothelial and vascular function and their mechanistic role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Specifically, we will examine the role of oxidative stress and inflammation as potential mechanisms of action in hookah-induced cardiovascular disease. We will test the hypothesis that; 1) in the absence of charcoal briquettes and virtually any CO exposure, e-hookah bowl inhalation acutely impairs endothelial function and evokes acute central stiffness, opposite from the endothelial function augmentation observed after traditional hookah smoking, which is likely mediated by the large CO boost emitted from burning charcoal briquettes used to heat the flavored tobacco; and 2) the processes of oxidative stress and inflammation play a pivotal mechanistic role underlying these vascular changes. In a cross-over study comparing traditional hookah smoking to e-hookah bowl inhalation, we will assess endothelial function measured by brachial artery flow- mediated dilation and aortic stiffness by pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in 18 young healthy hookah smokers 21-39 years old, before and after ad lib 30-minute smoking/ inhalation session. To test for oxidative stress mediation, we will determine if any acute impairment in endothelial function after e-hookah can be prevented by intravenous Vitamin C infusion, a potent anti-oxidant. Antioxidant defensive buffers, such as protective HDL or paraoxonase-1 activity, or an increase in oxidized lipoproteins will be collected. To test for inflammatory mediation, biomarkers including anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and pro-inflammatory cytokines hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 will be collected before and after the sessions as well as smoking exposure biomarkers (plasma nicotine and expired CO). The results of this proposal stand to fill in gaps in our mechanistic understanding of the comparative effect of traditional vs. e-hookah bowl on vascular and endothelial function and in so doing, inform policy decisions by the FDA about regulation of hookah products.

摘要 水烟正在世界范围内迅速流行起来。促成这种受欢迎程度的原因是 未经证实的信念，认为传统的水烟在通过水管时是解毒的。更多 最近，电子水烟碗内装有电子液体，这种液体是电加热的，但通过传统的 在美国，水管在年轻女性中越来越受欢迎，她们支持 营销人员声称，这些产品甚至比传统的水烟更安全。用传统的水烟，在 除了尼古丁和焦油外，吸烟者还会接触到富碳的细颗粒物和大量的 一氧化碳(CO)，后者已被证明是一种内皮依赖性血管扩张剂。 虽然接触有毒物质比传统水烟低得多，而且没有任何一氧化碳暴露，但电子水烟 碗中含有尼古丁和细颗粒，它们构成了可能的血管毒素。这项工作的主要目标是 项目是调查传统水烟吸烟和电子水烟碗的比较效果。 吸入对血管内皮功能的影响及其在心血管发病机制中的作用 疾病。具体地说，我们将研究氧化应激和炎症作为 在水烟引起的心血管疾病中的作用。我们将检验以下假设：1)在没有 煤球和几乎任何一氧化碳暴露，电子水烟碗吸入都会严重损害内皮细胞 功能和引起急性中枢僵硬，与术后观察到的内皮功能增强相反 传统的水烟吸烟，这可能是由燃烧木炭排放的大量CO增加所致 用来加热加香烟草的型煤；以及2)氧化应激和炎症过程起到了 这些血管变化背后的关键机制作用。在一项比较传统水烟的交叉研究中 吸烟到吸食电子水烟碗，我们将通过臂动脉血流来评估内皮功能- 18例健康青年脉搏波速度和增强指数介导的血管扩张和僵硬 水烟吸烟者年龄在21-39岁之间，在随机吸烟/吸入30分钟前后。测试，测试 氧化应激调节，我们将确定e-Hookah后是否有任何急性内皮功能损害 通过静脉输注维生素C，一种有效的抗氧化剂来预防。抗氧化防御性缓冲液，如 保护性的高密度脂蛋白或对氧磷酶-1活性，或氧化脂蛋白的增加将被收集。测试，测试 炎症介质、包括抗炎细胞因子IL-10和促炎细胞因子在内的生物标志物 治疗前后及吸烟暴露后分别采集hsCRP、肿瘤坏死因子-α、IL-6、IL-8。 生物标志物(血浆尼古丁和呼出的一氧化碳)。这项建议的结果将填补我们的空白 传统水烟碗与电子水烟碗对血管及血管功能影响的比较 在这样做的过程中，向FDA关于水烟产品监管的政策决策提供信息。