Drug use disparities among Hispanics: elucidating the complex interactions between socio-cultural, neurocognitive and drug use-related factors

西班牙裔人的吸毒差异：阐明社会文化、神经认知和吸毒相关因素之间复杂的相互作用

• 批准号: 9764333
• 负责人: Catalina Lopez-Quintero
• 金额: $ 16.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9764333
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adverse event; Affect; Alcohols; Applied Research; Area; Cannabis; Childhood; Chronic; Clinical Data; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Cognitive remediation; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Decision Making; Dependence; Disadvantaged; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Economically Deprived Population; Effectiveness; Ensure; Epidemiology; Episodic memory; Etiology; Exposure to; Future; Goals; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Impaired cognition; Individual; Injury; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Legal Guardians; Longitudinal Studies; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Minority; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurocognitive; Neurocognitive Deficit; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Preventive Intervention; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scientist; Statistical Methods; Strategic Planning; Stress; Structure; Student Dropouts; Supervision; Testing; Time; Training; Youth; addiction; adverse outcome; career; career development; cognitive development; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cultural values; design; disability; driving under influence; drug abuse prevention; early onset; early onset drug use; ethnic discrimination; experience; health disparity; improved; interdisciplinary approach; knowledge base; longitudinal analysis; marijuana use; multilevel analysis; programs; protective factors; psychosocial; responsible research conduct; skills; social; socioeconomics; theories; therapy design

Project Summary/Abstract: Hispanic adolescents are disproportionately affected by drug use and its consequences. This is reflected in high rates of school dropouts, arrest for drug possession, alcohol, drug use disorders, disability and drug related crash injuries and fatalities. Mounting evidence suggest that impaired neurocognitive functioning, exposure to early, severe, or chronic social disadvantage, and stress related to conflicting cultural practices, independently predict adverse drug use outcomes. Yet, studies employing an integrated approach to explore how these factors interact to increase or decrease the risk of experiencing adverse drug use consequences are limited. Therefore, the immediate and overarching goal of this K01 application is to receive intensive, supervised career-development training on the intersection between addiction neuroscience and social and cross-cultural research applied to drug use research that will enable me to pursue a line of independent research on drug use disparities. In this application, I propose to investigate how socio- cultural, neurocognitive and drug use related factors interact to explain the adverse outcomes seen in the Hispanic population. The specific aims of the proposed project include: 1) To determine whether neurocognitive factors (e.g., decision-making, episodic memory), mediate the associations between socio-cultural factors (e.g., early, severe, or chronic socio-economic disadvantage, ethnic discrimination, acculturative stress, Hispanic cultural values), and drug use outcomes (e.g. transition from use to drug use disorders, drug use trajectories, driving under the influence of drugs - DIU); 2) To examine whether socio-cultural factors moderate the associations between neurocognitive factors and drug use. These goals will be achieved by leveraging data, participants, and resources from an ongoing longitudinal study (parent study) that assesses decision-making and episodic memory in trajectories to cannabis addiction (R01DA031176), and interviewing a sub-sample of young Hispanics participating in the parent study and their parents or legal guardians (n=200 dyads). The proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will build on my expertise in drug use epidemiology with advanced training in: addiction neuroscience, social and cross-cultural research on drug use disparities, interdisciplinary research on cognitive neuroscience and socio-cultural research, advanced statistical methods for analyzing longitudinal data, and responsible conduct of research. Overseeing this training is my primary mentor Dr. Raul Gonzalez, an expert in addiction neuroscience, and my co-mentor Dr. Mario De La Rosa, an expert in cross-cultural research and drug use disparities. The proposed K01, which is responsive to two of the two priority focus areas identified in the 2016-2020 NIDA Strategic Plan, will provide me with the resources, training, mentoring and knowledge needed to establish myself as a scientist with expertise on the intersection between addiction neuroscience and public health, and to develop a long-term independent transdisciplinary research program aimed at reducing and eliminating drug use disparities across and within minority populations.

项目摘要/摘要：拉美裔青少年不成比例地受到药物使用及其影响 后果。这反映在高辍学率、因持有毒品而被捕、酗酒、吸毒 与疾病、残疾和药物相关的撞车伤害和死亡。越来越多的证据表明，受损的 神经认知功能，暴露于早期、严重或慢性社会劣势，以及与以下相关的压力 相互冲突的文化习俗，独立地预测不良药物使用结果。然而，采用了一种 探索这些因素如何相互作用以增加或降低体验风险的综合方法 药物使用的不良后果是有限的。因此，这款K01的直接和首要目标是 申请是在上瘾的交叉点接受强化的、有指导的职业发展培训 神经科学以及社会和跨文化研究应用于药物使用研究，使我能够 一系列关于药物使用差异的独立研究。在这个应用程序中，我建议调查社会- 文化、神经认知和药物使用相关因素相互作用，解释了在 西班牙裔人口。拟议项目的具体目标包括：1)确定神经认知 因素(例如，决策、情景记忆)调节社会文化因素之间的关联(例如， 早期的、严重的或长期的社会经济劣势、种族歧视、适应文化的压力、西班牙裔 文化价值观)和药物使用结果(例如，从使用到药物使用障碍的转变、药物使用轨迹、 在毒品影响下驾驶)；2)检查社会文化因素是否缓和了 神经认知因素与药物使用之间的关系。这些目标将通过利用数据来实现， 参与者，以及来自正在进行的评估决策的纵向研究(家长研究)的资源 和大麻成瘾轨迹中的情节记忆(R01DA031176)，并采访了 参加父母研究的年轻拉美裔美国人及其父母或法定监护人(n=200对夫妇)。这个 拟议的导师研究科学家发展奖将以我在药物使用流行病学方面的专业知识为基础 接受过以下方面的高级培训：成瘾神经科学、关于药物使用差异的社会和跨文化研究， 认知神经科学和社会文化研究的跨学科研究，高级统计方法 用于分析纵向数据，并负责进行研究。监督这次培训是我的首要任务 导师劳尔·冈萨雷斯博士，成瘾神经科学专家，以及我的共同导师马里奥·德拉罗萨博士， 跨文化研究和药物使用差异方面的专家。拟议的K01，它回应了其中两个 2016-2020年NIDA战略计划中确定的两个优先重点领域将为我提供资源， 培训、指导和知识，使我成为一名在十字路口拥有专业知识的科学家 在成瘾神经科学和公共健康之间，并发展一门长期独立的跨学科 旨在减少和消除少数族裔人群之间和内部的药物使用差距的研究计划。