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Drug use disparities among Hispanics: elucidating the complex interactions between socio-cultural, neurocognitive and drug use-related factors

西班牙裔人的吸毒差异：阐明社会文化、神经认知和吸毒相关因素之间复杂的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
10470128
负责人：
Catalina Lopez-Quintero
金额：
$ 13.91万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract: Hispanic adolescents are disproportionately affected by drug use and its consequences. This is reflected in high rates of school dropouts, arrest for drug possession, alcohol, drug use disorders, disability and drug related crash injuries and fatalities. Mounting evidence suggest that impaired neurocognitive functioning, exposure to early, severe, or chronic social disadvantage, and stress related to conflicting cultural practices, independently predict adverse drug use outcomes. Yet, studies employing an integrated approach to explore how these factors interact to increase or decrease the risk of experiencing adverse drug use consequences are limited. Therefore, the immediate and overarching goal of this K01 application is to receive intensive, supervised career-development training on the intersection between addiction neuroscience and social and cross-cultural research applied to drug use research that will enable me to pursue a line of independent research on drug use disparities. In this application, I propose to investigate how socio- cultural, neurocognitive and drug use related factors interact to explain the adverse outcomes seen in the Hispanic population. The specific aims of the proposed project include: 1) To determine whether neurocognitive factors (e.g., decision-making, episodic memory), mediate the associations between socio-cultural factors (e.g., early, severe, or chronic socio-economic disadvantage, ethnic discrimination, acculturative stress, Hispanic cultural values), and drug use outcomes (e.g. transition from use to drug use disorders, drug use trajectories, driving under the influence of drugs - DIU); 2) To examine whether socio-cultural factors moderate the associations between neurocognitive factors and drug use. These goals will be achieved by leveraging data, participants, and resources from an ongoing longitudinal study (parent study) that assesses decision-making and episodic memory in trajectories to cannabis addiction (R01DA031176), and interviewing a sub-sample of young Hispanics participating in the parent study and their parents or legal guardians (n=200 dyads). The proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will build on my expertise in drug use epidemiology with advanced training in: addiction neuroscience, social and cross-cultural research on drug use disparities, interdisciplinary research on cognitive neuroscience and socio-cultural research, advanced statistical methods for analyzing longitudinal data, and responsible conduct of research. Overseeing this training is my primary mentor Dr. Raul Gonzalez, an expert in addiction neuroscience, and my co-mentor Dr. Mario De La Rosa, an expert in cross-cultural research and drug use disparities. The proposed K01, which is responsive to two of the two priority focus areas identified in the 2016-2020 NIDA Strategic Plan, will provide me with the resources, training, mentoring and knowledge needed to establish myself as a scientist with expertise on the intersection between addiction neuroscience and public health, and to develop a long-term independent transdisciplinary research program aimed at reducing and eliminating drug use disparities across and within minority populations.

项目摘要/摘要：西班牙裔青少年不成比例地受到药物使用的影响，后果这反映在高辍学率、因持有毒品、酗酒、吸毒而被捕疾病、残疾和与毒品有关的车祸伤害和死亡。越来越多的证据表明，神经认知功能，暴露于早期，严重或慢性社会劣势，以及与冲突的文化习俗，独立预测不良药物使用的结果。然而，研究采用了综合方法来探讨这些因素如何相互作用，以增加或减少风险的经验，药物使用的不良后果有限。因此，本K 01的直接和首要目标应用程序是接受密集的，监督职业发展培训的交叉成瘾之间神经科学和社会和跨文化研究应用于药物使用研究，这将使我能够追求一系列关于药物使用差异的独立研究。在这个应用程序中，我建议调查如何社会- 文化，神经认知和药物使用相关因素相互作用，以解释在西班牙裔人口。该项目的具体目标包括：1）确定神经认知是否因素（例如，决策，情景记忆），调节社会文化因素之间的关联（例如，早期、严重或慢性社会经济劣势、种族歧视、文化适应压力、西班牙裔文化价值观）和吸毒结果（例如，从吸毒过渡到吸毒障碍，吸毒轨迹，（二）研究社会文化因素是否会影响药物影响下的驾驶行为; 神经认知因素与药物使用之间的关系。这些目标将通过利用数据来实现，参与者和正在进行的评估决策的纵向研究（母研究）的资源和情节记忆的轨迹大麻成瘾（R 01 DA 031176），并采访了一个子样本，参与父母研究的年轻西班牙裔人及其父母或法律的监护人（n=200对）。的拟议的指导研究科学家发展奖将建立在我在药物使用流行病学的专业知识在成瘾神经科学、药物使用差异的社会和跨文化研究方面接受过高级培训，认知神经科学和社会文化研究的跨学科研究，先进的统计方法用于分析纵向数据和负责任地进行研究。监督这次训练是我的首要任务我的导师劳尔·冈萨雷斯博士是成瘾神经科学方面的专家，我的共同导师马里奥·德拉罗萨博士是一位跨文化研究和药物使用差异方面的专家。建议的K 01，这是响应两个 2016-2020年NIDA战略计划中确定的两个优先重点领域，将为我提供资源，培训，指导和知识，以建立自己作为一个科学家与专业知识的交叉成瘾神经科学和公共卫生之间，并建立一个长期的独立的跨学科旨在减少和消除少数群体之间和内部药物使用差异的研究计划。