Biogeography of Aquatic Pathogens in Hawaiian Watersheds

项目摘要-项目1：纪万昌，Kiana Frank 尽管在水和废水处理方面取得了很大进展，但通过水传播的疾病仍然是世界范围内的主要 对公众健康的威胁。然而，大多数水传播的病原体没有得到监测，它们对 只有彻底了解其发病情况，才能控制人类健康和生产力， 环境生态位，以及它们引起的疾病的流行病学。这项提议的目标是 评估土地利用模式和环境因素如何影响生物多样性、丰富度、毒性和 夏威夷流域中水传播微生物威胁的持续性--作为提高我们理解的模型 全球病原体多样性和塑造它的环境力量。最重要的假设是 与城市化相关的因素有助于增加病原体的丰度、多样性和分布。通过 结合野外采样、实验方法、地球化学和基因组学，这项建议将(I) 描述夏威夷三个流域水生病原体的生物地理学特征；(2)确定 观察病原体多样性和密度的模式；以及(Iii)测试物理和化学因素的影响 病原体动态的变数。这项工作将使这些动态的生物地理建模能够预测 跨地球化学和人为梯度的威胁，有助于开发更高效、更准确的 和可靠的分子筛查工具，并培养更多的公众了解疟疾的存在和风险 环境中的病原体。它也与目前推动流行病学和 环境微生物学。该项目将充分利用拟议的微生物基因组学和 分析(M-GAL)核心，以及通过观察进行研究的显微成像中心 (Micro)和夏威夷大学的网络基础设施核心。这项研究的影响是协同的。 与Cobre项目2-5的结果一起，作为了解微生物与物理-生物相互作用的基础。 化学环境--从自由生活到共生生物--及其对人类健康的影响。

Project Summary – PROJECT 1: JI, Kiana Frank Despite large advances in water and wastewater treatment, waterborne diseases still pose a major worldwide threat to public health. However, most waterborne pathogens are unmonitored, and their adverse effect on human health and productivity can only be controlled by obtaining a thorough understanding of their incidence, environmental niches, and the epidemiology of the diseases they cause. The goal of this proposal is to evaluate how land-use patterns and environmental factors influence the diversity, abundance, virulence and persistence of waterborne microbial threats in Hawaiian watersheds - as a model to improve our understanding of the global pathogen diversity and of the environmental forces shaping it. The overarching hypothesis is that factors associated with urbanization contribute to increased pathogen abundance, diversity and distribution. By integrating field sampling, experimental approaches, geochemistry and genomics this proposal will (i) characterize the biogeography of aquatic pathogens in three Hawaiian watersheds; (ii) define the bases of the observed patterns of pathogen diversity and density; and (iii) test the influence of physical and chemical variables on pathogen dynamics. This work will enable biogeographic modeling of these dynamics to predict threats across geochemical and anthropogenic gradients, aid in the development of more efficient, accurate and reliable molecular screening tools, and foster a more informed public on the presence and risks of pathogens in their environment. It is also highly relevant to broad goals currently driving epidemiology and environmental microbiology. This project will take full advantage of the proposed Microbial Genomics and Analytical (M-GAL) Core, as well as the Microscopy Imaging Center for Research through Observation (MICRO) and the University of Hawaii's Cyberinfrastructure Core. The impact of this research is synergistic with that of COBRE Projects 2-5, serving as a foundation to understand microbial interactions with the physico- chemical environment - from free-living to symbiotic organisms - and their influence on human health.