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Fast Spatial Light Modulators for Neuronal Excitation and Imaging

用于神经元激发和成像的快速空间光调制器

基本信息

批准号：
9766307
负责人：
Andrei Faraon
金额：
$ 23.61万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary: We propose to develop fast spatial light modulators (SLM) to address the need for optical hardware compatible with the current fast genetically encoded sensors and actuators. SLMs are versatile optical components that enable beam steering and holographic projection of arbitrary patterns. They have recently been used for patterned optogenetic excitation of specific sets of neurons in the brain. However, current experiments are limited by the low speed of available spatial light modulators (~100 Hz). To match the needs of fast neuronal activation we propose to develop a technology for ultra-fast free-space SLMs with speeds exceeding 10 MHz operating at near infrared wavelengths (850nm-1000nm) and thus compatible with two-photon optogenetic excitation and two-photon microscopy. We already demonstrated proof of concept devices in silicon operating at telecom wavelength (~1550nm) modulated at slower speed via the thermo-optic effect. However, operation at telecom wavelengths is not suitable for most applications in neural stimulation and imaging, and Si can nor be used for wavelengths below ~1100nm because it is absorptive. We will use similar designs and techniques as in our current silicon photonics SLMs to develop devices in GaAs capable of fast optical beam steering in free space in the near infrared. The technology is based on GaAs nano-photonics that already enables on-chip photonic modulators operating at speeds exceeding several GHz. Aim 1: Develop proof of concept of a single SLM pixel and demonstrate operation at speeds faster than 10MHz in the near infrared. For this aim we will translate our already developed designs for Si SLMs to the GaAs material. We will show first modulation using the thermo-optic effect with speeds exceeding 1KHz, and then modulation using carrier injection/depletion at speeds exceeding 10MHz. The pixel size will be ~10µmx10µm Aim 2: Develop a prototype SLM with 8x8 pixels and demonstrate basic beam deflection functionality. This is a small version of the final device. It will allow us to troubleshoot any problems that may arise with the device, like cross-talk between pixels, heating, maximum optical power that can be handled. Aim 3: Develop a prototype SLM with >1000x1000 pixels and demonstrate fast optical beam steering. This is a SLM prototype that will have most of the functionality required to demonstrate proof of concept beam steering and pattern projection at speeds greater than 10MHz. We will demonstrate proof of concept two photon excitation microscopy.

项目摘要：我们建议开发快速空间光调制器（SLM）来解决需要与当前快速基因编码传感器兼容的光学硬件执行器。 SLM 是多功能光学元件，可实现光束控制和全息任意图案的投影。它们最近被用于图案化光遗传学大脑中特定神经元组的兴奋。然而，目前的实验受到以下限制可用空间光调制器的速度较低（~100 Hz）。为了满足快速的需求我们建议开发一种用于超快自由空间 SLM 的技术在近红外波长（850nm-1000nm）下运行速度超过 10 MHz，因此与双光子光遗传学激发和双光子显微镜兼容。我们已经展示了在电信波长（~1550nm）下运行的硅器件概念验证通过热光效应以较慢的速度调制。然而，电信运营商波长不适用于神经刺激和成像中的大多数应用，而硅可以也不能用于低于 ~1100nm 的波长，因为它具有吸收性。我们将使用类似的采用我们当前的硅光子 SLM 的设计和技术来开发 GaAs 器件能够在近红外自由空间中进行快速光束控制。该技术是基于 GaAs 纳米光子学已经使片上光子调制器能够高速运行超过数GHz。目标 1：开发单个 SLM 像素的概念证明并在在近红外区域速度快于10MHz。为了这个目标，我们将翻译我们已经开发了从 Si SLM 到 GaAs 材料的设计。我们将使用以下方式展示第一个调制速度超过1KHz的热光效应，然后使用载波调制注入/耗尽速度超过 10MHz。像素尺寸约为 10μmx10μm 目标 2：开发 8x8 像素的 SLM 原型并演示基本的光束偏转功能。这是最终设备的小型版本。它将使我们能够解决任何问题设备可能出现的问题，例如像素之间的串扰、发热、最大可以处理的光功率。目标 3：开发像素 >1000x1000 的原型 SLM 并演示快速光学光束转向。这是一个 SLM 原型，具有以下功能所需的大部分功能：展示概念证明光束转向和图案投影速度大于 10兆赫。我们将演示两个光子激发显微镜的概念验证。