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Impact of Malaria Co-Infection on HIV Vaccination

疟疾合并感染对艾滋病毒疫苗接种的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9769911
负责人：
Jennifer Manuzak
金额：
$ 20.24万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-16 至 2020-08-11
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9769911
关键词：
16S ribosomal RNA sequencing Abdominal Pain Affect Animals Area Attenuated Biological Assay Biomedical Research Cell Culture System Cells Cessation of life Coculture Techniques Combined Vaccines Communicable Diseases Cultured Cells DNA DNA Vaccines Data Development Diarrhea Disease Ecology Effectiveness Enrollment Environmental Risk Factor Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Epithelial Flow Cytometry Frequencies Functional disorder Geographic Locations HIV HIV Infections HIV vaccine Human Immune Immune system Immunologic Factors Immunologics In Vitro Individual Infection Inflammation Intestinal Mucosa Intestines Knowledge Link Macaca Macaca mulatta Malabsorption Syndromes Malaria Membrane Methodology Modeling Morphology Mucosal Immune Responses Mucosal Immunity Mucositis Mucous Membrane Parasites Pathology Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Permeability Phenotype Plasma Population Predisposition Preventive vaccine Proteins Recombinants Residual state Risk Route SHIV vaccine Site T-Lymphocyte Translating Vaccination Vaccines Viral Viral Load result Virus Replication Vomiting Work World Health Organization co-infection commensal bacteria cytokine dysbiosis gastrointestinal gut microbiome high risk immune function infection risk malaria infection microbial microbiome microbiome alteration microbiome composition mucosal site nonhuman primate novel prevent protective effect receptor expression rectal sexual HIV transmission simian human immunodeficiency virus transmission process vaccination strategy vaccine development vaccine effectiveness vaccine efficacy vaccine response vaccine trial

项目摘要

ABSTRACT HIV and malaria are two of the most devastating infectious diseases in the world. In 2015, these diseases together caused over 1.4 million deaths. Although advances have been made in preventing new infections of both HIV and malaria, the risk of infection with either disease in the world’s poorest nations is still great. Furthermore, as HIV and malaria are endemic to similar geographical areas, this overlap constitutes great risk for co-infection of individuals, which could fuel the spread of both diseases. Moreover, HIV and malaria infection have been shown to cause similar gastrointestinal pathologies, including disruption of the epithelial barrier and altered intestinal immune function. As infection across the rectal mucosa constitutes a major route for sexual transmission of HIV, it is possible that prior infection with malaria could increase the risk of acquisition of HIV, should exposure of this mucosal membrane occur. Importantly, as the biomedical research field moves closer to the development of an effective vaccine to prevent new HIV infections, it will be critical to take into account alterations in mucosal phenotype and function that may occur due to malaria infection, as these changes could impact the efficacy of the HIV vaccine. Here, we aim to determine how concurrent malaria infection could alter the efficacy of SHIV vaccination in rhesus macaques. We will assess immunological and microbial alterations in the intestinal mucosa during malaria infection and track these changes throughout subsequent SHIV vaccination and SHIV challenge, in order to elucidate how malaria may alter HIV vaccine responses and thus diminish protection from SHIV infection. These studies will generate critical knowledge of the impact of malaria on HIV vaccination strategies, which will aid in the development of vaccines that take into account environmental factors such as other co-endemic infectious diseases, and thus be effectively employed in the developing world, where the need for an HIV vaccine is the greatest.

摘要