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Covert Orienting and Infant Visual Cognition

隐性定向和婴儿视觉认知

基本信息

批准号：
9904734
负责人：
GREGORY DURELLE REYNOLDS
金额：
$ 7.55万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-04-01 至 2023-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9904734
关键词：
Address Adult Age Age-Months Area Attention Behavior Biological Brain Characteristics Child Child Development Clutterings Cues Data Data Set Development Developmental Disabilities Early identification Effectiveness Electroencephalography Event-Related Potentials Exploratory Behavior Fostering Future Goals Head Hybrids Infant Knowledge Lead Learning Literature Location Measures Memory Modeling Nature Pattern Perceptual learning Performance Prefrontal Cortex Process Research Risk Scanning Scientific Advances and Accomplishments Source Structure System Testing Training Programs Visual Visual attention Work attentional control base cognitive development design infancy insight memory recognition multilevel analysis neurodevelopment neuromechanism novel relating to nervous system technique development visual cognition visual information visual memory visual process visual processing visual search visual stimulus visual tracking

项目摘要

Project Summary The major goals of this proposal are to investigate the impact of spatial cueing on attention and perceptual processing in infancy using eye tracking and event-related potentials (ERP), and to determine areas of the brain involved in processing previously cued or uncued visual stimuli in infancy using realistic head modeling and cortical source analysis. Research has shown that utilizing spatial cues designed to elicit covert orienting (i.e., focusing attention on a spatial location without looking at it) can enhance perceptual processing and memory in infancy (e.g., Markant et al., 2015; Ross-Sheehy et al., 2011). Findings indicate that the benefits of spatial cueing on infant perceptual learning and memory occur exclusively on trials believed to elicit inhibition of return (IOR). Thus, infants may demonstrate optimal learning in conditions that require inhibitory processes. Alternatively, the effects of spatial cues on infant attention and perceptual processing are likely determined by multiple factors, including task characteristics and age, and covert orienting likely enhances attention and perceptual processing to targets regardless of whether or not inhibitory processes are engaged. Specific Aim 1 is to determine the effects of spatial cueing and covert orienting on attention and perceptual processing for 3-, 6-, and 9-month-old infants. A multilevel systems approach will be utilized to examine infants' performance on a modified spatial cueing/recognition memory task through the combined use of eye tracking and ERPs. This will allow for the most comprehensive analysis to date of potential mechanisms associated with covert orienting, visual attention, and perceptual processing in infancy. Specific Aim 2 is to determine areas of the brain involved in processing cued and uncued visual targets for 3-, 6-, and 9-month-old infants. Realistic head modeling and cortical source analysis of the ERP data will be utilized to achieve this am. It is predicted that covert orienting will enhance attention and foster perceptual processing across conditions for 6- and 9-month- old infants based on functional maturity of the frontal areas involved in attentional control and inhibitory processing. This work will fill a major gap in the existing literature regarding neural mechanisms involved in processing visual targets following covert orienting in infancy - a process that is fundamental to visual processing in cluttered naturalistic settings. Findings from the proposed research can inform future work aimed at identifying atypical patterns of visual cognitive development for children at risk for developmental disabilities.

项目总结