Examining Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Extreme Eating Behaviors in Young Children with ASD

检查自闭症谱系障碍幼儿极端饮食行为的生物行为机制

• 批准号: 9910965
• 负责人: Anna Wallisch
• 金额: $ 6.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9910965
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Anorexia Nervosa; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Symptoms; Biological; Characteristics; Child; Child Welfare; Chronology; Clinical; Cognitive; Data; Data Collection; Development Plans; Diagnosis; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Emotions; Environment; Exhibits; Eye; Family; Feeding behaviors; Food; Funding; Future; Gender; Goals; Health; Home environment; Image; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Malnutrition; Measures; Memory; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Motor; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Obesity; Parents; Phenotype; Play; Population; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Rewards; Role; Sample Size; Sensory; Standardization; Stimulus; Stress; Symptoms; Syndrome; System; Technology; Training; addiction; attentional bias; attentional control; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; base; behavior observation; behavioral study; biobehavior; cognitive control; craving; early childhood; experimental study; feeding; improved; innovation; interest; neurobehavioral; novel; peer; personalized medicine; physical conditioning; predicting response; preference; repetitive behavior; restraint; social; standard of care; statistics; therapy resistant; treatment response; vigilance

PROJECT SUMMARY Children with ASD have a fivefold increase in eating problems when compared to typically developing children. These extreme eating behaviors often lead to serious health consequences (e.g., malnutrition, obesity) and are cause for significant parental stress and burden. We have yet to truly understand the mechanisms associated with these difficult behaviors in children with ASD, and there is no standard of care to treat feeding issues in ASD, perhaps because our current feeding interventions are not mechanistically-informed. Thus, this study uses a biobehavioral approach to uncover these mechanisms by drawing from other eating disordered populations that show symptom overlap with ASD. Neurobehavioral models of eating behavior link the role of attention in maintaining extreme eating behaviors, and this study will use innovative eye-tracking technology to objectively examine attentional bias towards food. Further, we will examine how behaviorally expressed symptoms of ASD (e.g., repetitive behaviors) are associated with these food-related attentional mechanisms. Lastly, given the environment is likely to influence children’s eating behaviors, we will examine how the home environment affects the eating behaviors of children with ASD. Our aims include: Aim 1: To use eye-tracking technology to examine food-related attentional biases in children with ASD compared to TD children. Aim 2: To examine if we can reliably measure the naturalistic characteristics of the environment and eating behaviors of children with ASD at home. Exploratory Aim 3: To explore if behaviorally expressed symptoms of ASD are associated with food attentional biases. Training goals for this study will involve: 1) advanced training in eye tracking, 2) obtaining a strong basis in research design, methodology, and observational data collection, 3) strengthening statistical knowledge, 4) expanding clinical knowledge of eating behaviors, and 5) developing concrete professional development plans leading to independent research funding. The overall impact of this study will be determining the interplay and driving mechanisms of eating behaviors in ASD. We anticipate this study will provide robust pilot data that will lead to future funding and a larger sample size to determine underlying mechanisms of eating behaviors in children with ASD. Further, given the lack of empirically validated treatment approaches, and the high rates of treatment resistance for feeding problems in ASD, this study will provide a basis towards biologically informed eating interventions for children with ASD to reduce deleterious health consequences associated with extreme eating behaviors.

项目摘要 与正常发育的儿童相比，ASD儿童的饮食问题增加了五倍。 这些极端的饮食行为通常会导致严重的健康后果（例如，营养不良，肥胖）， 造成父母的压力和负担。我们还没有真正理解 ASD儿童的这些困难行为，并且没有标准的护理来治疗喂养问题， ASD，也许是因为我们目前的喂养干预措施不是机械的。因此，本研究 使用生物行为学方法，通过借鉴其他饮食失调症来揭示这些机制， 显示症状与ASD重叠的人群。饮食行为的神经行为模型将 注意保持极端的饮食行为，这项研究将使用创新的眼动追踪技术， 客观地检验对食物的注意偏向。此外，我们将研究如何行为表达 ASD的症状（例如，重复行为）与这些食物相关的注意力机制有关。 最后，鉴于环境可能会影响孩子的饮食行为，我们将研究家庭如何 环境影响ASD儿童的饮食行为。我们的目标包括：目标1：使用眼动追踪 技术，以检查与食物相关的注意力偏差在ASD儿童相比，TD儿童。目标二： 检验我们是否能够可靠地测量环境和饮食行为的自然特征 自闭症儿童在家里探索性目标3：探索ASD的行为表现症状是否 与食物注意力偏差有关。本研究的培训目标包括：1）高级培训， 眼动追踪，2）在研究设计、方法学和观察数据收集方面获得坚实的基础，3） 加强统计学知识; 4）扩大饮食行为的临床知识; 5）发展 具体的专业发展计划，导致独立的研究经费。这件事的总体影响 这项研究将确定ASD中饮食行为的相互作用和驱动机制。我们预料到这一点 研究将提供可靠的试点数据，这将导致未来的资金和更大的样本量，以确定 ASD儿童饮食行为的潜在机制。此外，由于缺乏经验， 有效的治疗方法，以及ASD喂养问题的高治疗抗性率， 这项研究将为ASD儿童的生物学知情饮食干预提供基础， 与极端饮食行为相关的有害健康后果。