Scientific Information Management and Literature-Based Evaluations for the National Toxicology Program (NTP) – Support for Scoping Activities

国家毒理学计划 (NTP) 的科学信息管理和基于文献的评估 – 支持范围界定活动

• 批准号: 9915763
• 负责人: DAVID BURCH
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: ICF, INC., LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-21 至 2020-04-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9915763
• 关键词: Area; Biocide; Client; Decision Making; Epidemiology; Epigenetic Process; Evaluation; Flame Retardants; Information Management; Knowledge; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Methodology; National Toxicology Program; Parkinson Disease; Pesticides; Problem Formulations; Process; Progestins; Research; Toxicology; base; interest; screening; systematic review; text searching

Scoping reviews involve the summarization and categorization of literature prepared to rapidly map the key concepts, types of evidence, and gaps in research related to a defined research area by systematically searching, selecting and presenting existing knowledge. A scoping review can be undertaken as stand-alone product or in support of decision making and may involve varying degrees of synthesis of the existing knowledge. Systematic review methodology and the OHAT Approach to Systematic Review and Evidence Integration also includes the terms scoping and problem formulation as part of the decision making and planning process for a systematic review. Scoping is the process of taking an initial background knowledge on a topic under consideration and seeking input from stakeholders and clients to understand the extent of interest in an evaluation topic or nomination, assess the potential impact of conducting an evaluation, and identify related activities that may be underway. Problem formulation refers to the first step in the systematic-review process in which an explicit definition or statement is reached on what is to be evaluated in the assessment and how it is to be evaluated. A number of scoping activities are in progress, focused on Parkinson’s Disease, neonicotinoid pesticides, progestins, epigenetics, biocides, PFAS, pesticides, flame retardants. Keywords: scoping, toxicology, epidemiology, exposure, cancer, non-cancer effects

范围审查涉及文献的总结和分类，准备通过系统地搜索，选择和呈现现有知识，快速绘制与定义的研究领域相关的关键概念，证据类型和研究差距。范围审查可以作为独立的产品进行，也可以作为支持决策的手段进行，并且可能涉及对现有知识的不同程度的综合。系统评价方法学和OHAT系统评价和证据整合方法还包括术语范围界定和问题制定，作为系统评价决策和规划过程的一部分。范围界定是对正在考虑的主题进行初步的背景了解，并寻求利益相关者和客户的意见，以了解对评估主题或提名的兴趣程度，评估进行评估的潜在影响，并确定可能正在进行的相关活动的过程。问题提法指的是系统审查过程中的第一步，在这个过程中，对评估中需要评估的内容以及如何评估达成明确的定义或陈述。一些范围界定活动正在进行中，重点是帕金森病、新烟碱类杀虫剂、孕激素、表观遗传学、杀菌剂、全氟化钠、杀虫剂、阻燃剂。