Scientific Information Management and Literature-Based Evaluations for the National Toxicology Program (NTP) – Support for Scoping Activities

范围审查涉及对文献的总结和分类，通过系统地搜索、选择和展示现有知识，快速绘制与特定研究领域相关的关键概念、证据类型和研究差距。范围界定审查可作为独立产品进行，也可用于支持决策，可能涉及对现有知识进行不同程度的综合。系统性综述方法和OHAT系统性综述和证据整合方法还包括术语范围界定和问题形成，作为系统性综述决策和规划过程的一部分。范围界定是一个过程，即对正在审议的主题进行初步的背景知识，并寻求利益攸关方和客户的投入，以了解对评价主题或提名的兴趣程度，评估开展评价的潜在影响，并确定可能正在进行的相关活动。提出问题是指系统审评过程的第一步，即明确界定或说明在评估中应评价哪些内容以及如何评价。一些范围界定活动正在进行中，重点是帕金森病、类烟碱农药、孕激素、表观遗传学、生物杀灭剂、PFAS、农药、阻燃剂。 关键词：范围界定、毒理学、流行病学、接触、癌症、非癌症效应

Scoping reviews involve the summarization and categorization of literature prepared to rapidly map the key concepts, types of evidence, and gaps in research related to a defined research area by systematically searching, selecting and presenting existing knowledge. A scoping review can be undertaken as stand-alone product or in support of decision making and may involve varying degrees of synthesis of the existing knowledge. Systematic review methodology and the OHAT Approach to Systematic Review and Evidence Integration also includes the terms scoping and problem formulation as part of the decision making and planning process for a systematic review. Scoping is the process of taking an initial background knowledge on a topic under consideration and seeking input from stakeholders and clients to understand the extent of interest in an evaluation topic or nomination, assess the potential impact of conducting an evaluation, and identify related activities that may be underway. Problem formulation refers to the first step in the systematic-review process in which an explicit definition or statement is reached on what is to be evaluated in the assessment and how it is to be evaluated. A number of scoping activities are in progress, focused on Parkinson’s Disease, neonicotinoid pesticides, progestins, epigenetics, biocides, PFAS, pesticides, flame retardants. Keywords: scoping, toxicology, epidemiology, exposure, cancer, non-cancer effects