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The evolution of a co-opted gene-regulatory network underlying a rapidly evolving morphological trait

快速进化的形态特征背后的增选基因调控网络的进化

基本信息

批准号：
9920412
负责人：
Peter Andolfatto
金额：
$ 43.79万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-01 至 2021-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9920412
关键词：
Adult Affect Animal Model Animals Biological Assay Body part Cells Collection Color Complement Complex DNA Data Development Developmental Biology Dissection Drosophila melanogaster Enhancers Evolution Exhibits Female Foundations Gene Mutation Gene Structure Genes Genetic Genetic Techniques Genetic Transcription Genitalia Genome Genomics Goals Hand Health Human Individual Individuality Investigation Left Lobe Male Genital Organs Maps Methods Modeling Molecular Molecular Genetics Morphology Mutation Natural Selections Nature Organism Outcome Partner in relationship Pattern Phenotype Plants Population Population Genetics Race Regulator Genes Research Shapes Signal Pathway Source Structural Genes Structure System Taxonomy Text Time Tissues Transgenic Organisms Translating Untranslated RNA Up-Regulation Variant Work arm base differential expression experimental study genetic element genetic signature genetic variant genome wide association study male member novel overexpression physical property pleiotropism programs public health relevance reproductive response stem trait transcription factor transcriptome transcriptome sequencing treatment strategy

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The goal of this research is to dissect the causative genes and mutations underlying a rapidly evolving complex trait and to understand the nature of constraints on the evolution of this trait. Such an endeavor requires an experimental system in which drastic changes occur over short evolutionary timeframes in species that can be easily manipulated genetically. The posterior lobe in the Drosophila melanogaster species group is a recently-derived structural feature of male genitalia important in mating. The structure has evolved strikingly different morphology in each of the four species of this group over the past two million years. Our preliminary work has documented the apparent co-option and re-deployment of a highly conserved gene regulatory network (GRN) encoding the larval posterior spiracle in creating novel phenotypic variation in the adult posterior lobe. This finding stimulates us to hypothesize mechanisms that would allow the rapidly evolving lobe to change while leaving the spiracle structure unaltered. Among the members of this GRN is the gene pox neuro (poxn) which we have shown is divergently upregulated in D. simulans relative to D. melanogaster and that over-expression in D. melanogaster leads to enlargement of the lobe as observed in D. simulans. Additionally, we have shown that the upregulation of poxn in D. simulans is caused by sequence divergence in a posterior lobe-specific enhancer contained within the gene. Using a population genetic method to detect natural selection, we have identified a signature of selection that coincides with the posterior lobe enhancer of poxn. Here, we propose to employ genomic (i.e. RNA-seq, population genomics) and molecular genetic techniques (i.e. transgenic expression and complementation assays) to identify other causative genes and mutations responsible for differences in posterior lobe size and shape among species of the D. melanogaster species group (Aims 1 and 2). With a large collection of such molecular changes in hand, we will examine how co-opted nodes of the posterior lobe have diverged in their lobe functions without altering the spiracle structure (Aim 3).