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Using eye tracking to understand speech perception-production relationships in young children

使用眼动追踪了解幼儿的言语感知与产生关系

基本信息

批准号：
9923683
负责人：
Sarah C Creel
金额：
$ 10.86万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Abstract In a few short years of life, children go from almost no knowledge of the sounds of their language to a rich knowledge, yet their speech production may not be adultlike until age 8 or later. How well does production approximate perception, and what contributes to perceptual representations? Most studies focus on adult input, but children also receive substantial child input (as much as 45% of total input), including their own vocalizations. The need to account for a major source of speech input, and lack of clarity about perception-production relationships, represent major theoretical gaps. We hypothesize that initially, adult-based percepts shape child production. Errorful child productions, due to motor difficulty matching targets, are then learned and may guide production and recognition. Goal. The goal of the proposal is to innovate a test of perception-production relationships in children which is both sensitive to recognition difficulty and natural for young children. Method. We innovate a paradigm to test a child's understanding of their own speech. We audio-record the child naming familiar pictures, then show them sets of pictures as they hear their recorded labels. Eye movements to pictures provide a sensitive, natural measure of recognition effort. Specific Aims SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to establish a new paradigm to test comprehension of one's own speech. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to test the Articulatory Error Hypothesis, that children's inaccurate productions result from imperfect motor realizations of perceptual representations. If so, children should comprehend adult speech better than they comprehend their own speech (STUDY 1). SPECIFIC AIM 3 is to test the Multiple Representations Hypothesis, that children simultaneously possess not only adult but also self-speech representations. If so, then the child should understand their own speech better than another listener understands that child's speech (STUDIES 2-3). Significance. We innovate a methodology to assess perception-production relationships, and begin to account for an underexplored source of speech input. Findings may suggest a new route— perceptual training on child speech—for intervention in speech sound disorders, which affect 4% of young children and which impair communication, academics, and social interaction.

摘要在短短几年的生命中，孩子们从几乎不懂他们的语言的声音变成了一个丰富的知识，但他们的言语产出可能要到8岁或更晚才能达到成年人的水平。做得有多好产生近似知觉，以及什么对知觉表征有贡献？大多数研究关注成人的投入，但儿童也接受大量的儿童投入(高达总投入的45% 输入)，包括他们自己的发音。需要说明语音输入的主要来源，以及对感知-生产关系缺乏清晰度，代表着重大的理论差距。我们假设最初，基于成人的感知塑造了孩子的生产。错误的儿童制作，到期对于运动困难的匹配目标，则被学习并可指导生产和识别。进球了。该提案的目标是创新一项对儿童知觉-生产关系的测试这对识别困难很敏感，对幼儿来说也很自然。方法。我们创新了一个范例来测试孩子对他们自己的语言的理解。我们给孩子录音，说出他们熟悉的图片，然后给他们看一组他们听到的图片唱片公司。眼球对图片的运动提供了一种敏感的、自然的识别努力的衡量标准。具体目标具体目标1是建立一种新的范式来测试对自己语言的理解。具体目的2是检验节律性错误假说，即儿童不准确的生产这是由于知觉表征的运动实现不完善造成的。如果是这样，孩子们应该与理解自己的语言相比，他们更能理解成人的语言(研究1)。具体目的3是检验多重表征假设，即儿童同时不仅要具备成人语言表达能力，还要具备自我言语表达能力。如果是这样的话，孩子应该明白他们自己的语言比其他听众更能理解那个孩子的语言(研究2-3)。意义重大。我们创新了一种评估感知-生产关系的方法，并开始以解释未被开发的语音输入来源。这些发现可能会提出一条新的路线-- 儿童言语知觉训练--干预影响4%的儿童言语发音障碍这损害了沟通、学术和社会互动。