Male Absence Due to Migration and the Health of Left-Behind Wives in India

印度男性因移徙而缺席与留守妻子的健康状况

• 批准号: 9923686
• 负责人: Lei Lei
• 金额: $ 7.75万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9923686
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adopted; Affect; Attenuated; Behavior; Characteristics; Child; Child Rearing; Communities; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Destinations; Developing Countries; Economic Conditions; Economics; Education; Emotional; Employment; Extended Family; Family; Family Characteristics; Family member; Farming environment; Frequencies; Geography; Health; Health Benefit; Home visitation; Hour; Household; Household Heads; Human Development; Husband; Income; India; Individual; International; Labor Migrations; Left; Literature; Longitudinal Surveys; Marital separation; Measures; Mediating; Migrant; Modeling; Nonmigrant; Paris, France; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Process; Psychological Stress; Recording of previous events; Remittance; Reporting; Research; Resources; Respondent; Rest; Risk; Role; Side; Social Network; Social support; Societies; Surveys; Testing; Unemployment; Widowhood; Wife; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; Workload; health care availability; improved; innovation; male; men; migration; nutrition; psychosocial; social disadvantage; social group

PROJECT SUMMARY Solo male migration is a strategy adopted by many families to diversify risks and to improve household economic conditions. Millions of women in developing countries are geographically separated from their husbands due to the massive flow of internal and international labor migration. Migration is viewed positively in general given the economic benefits brought by remittances, which can improve the nutrition and access to healthcare for family members staying in the origin communities. However, the psychosocial implications of male absence for the left-behind wives have not been fully understood. It is unclear whether the economic benefits from remittances could compensate for the possible detrimental health effects of the increased workload, emotional strain, and the lack of social support subsequent to the husbands’ migration. Only a handful of studies have examined the health effect of male absence due to migration on left-behind wives and they reported mixed findings. Even less is known about the mechanisms through which male outmigration influences the health of left-behind wives or how the health impact of male migration on left-behind wives vary by various migratory patterns and by the amount of social support received by the wives. This proposed project will examine the impact of male outmigration on the health of left-behind wives, using two waves of longitudinal data from the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) collected in 2004-5 and 2011-12. Previous research on this topic has been hampered by the inability to fully address migration selectivity and the lack of data on the characteristics of migration. Relying on the rich dataset from the IHDS, we will be able to carry out several innovative analyses in this study. First, we will examine the effect of husbands’ migration status and migration characteristics on the health of left-behind wives in India, while accounting for migration selectivity with regard to pre-migration individual and family characteristics. We explicitly takes into account the selection process of outmigration using propensity score analysis. Furthermore, we will sort out the role of multiple aspects of migration characteristics, including the amount of remittances, migration duration, and the frequency of home visit. Second, we will test the potentially offsetting mechanisms through which men’s migration influences the health of left-behind wives, which include women’s access to economic resources, physical autonomy, decision-making power, work hours, and household responsibilities. Third, we will examine how the health effects of male migration on left-behind wives are conditioned on the amount of social support received by women from the family and the community. We expect to find that social support from the male-side extended family, women’s natal family, and social groups can attenuate the potential detrimental effect of male absence on the health of left-behind wives.

项目概要 男性单独外出是许多家庭为分散风险、改善家庭状况而采取的策略。 经济条件。发展中国家数百万妇女在地理上与她们的生活相分离 由于国内和国际劳务移民的大量流动。人们对移民持积极态度 一般而言，考虑到汇款带来的经济利益，可以改善营养和获取食物的机会 为居住在原籍社区的家庭成员提供医疗保健。然而，心理社会影响 留守妇女中男性缺席的情况尚不完全清楚。目前尚不清楚经济是否 汇款带来的好处可以弥补汇款增加可能对健康造成的不利影响 工作量、情绪紧张以及丈夫外出后缺乏社会支持。只有一个 少数研究考察了男性因外出务工而缺席对留守妻子的健康影响， 他们报告的结果好坏参半。人们对男性向外迁徙的机制知之甚少。 影响留守妇女的健康或男性外出务工对留守妇女的健康影响有何不同 不同的移徙模式以及妻子获得的社会支持的数量。 该拟议项目将研究男性外出务工对留守妻子健康的影响， 使用 2004 年 5 月收集的印度人类发展调查 (IHDS) 的两波纵向数据 和 2011-12。先前关于该主题的研究因无法完全解决移民问题而受到阻碍 选择性和缺乏关于迁移特征的数据。依托 IHDS 丰富的数据集， 我们将能够在这项研究中进行一些创新的分析。首先我们来考察一下效果 丈夫的迁徙状况和迁徙特征对印度留守妇女健康的影响 考虑到移民前个人和家庭特征的移民选择性。我们 使用倾向得分分析明确考虑了向外移民的选择过程。 此外，我们还将梳理迁移特征的多个方面的作用，包括迁移量的大小。 汇款、移徙持续时间和家访频率。其次，我们将测试潜在的抵消作用 男性外出务工影响留守妇女健康的机制，其中包括女性的健康 获得经济资源、身体自主权、决策权、工作时间和家庭 责任。第三，我们将考察男性外出务工对留守妇女的健康影响如何。 取决于妇女从家庭和社区获得的社会支持的数量。我们期望 发现来自男方大家庭、女方娘家、社会群体的社会支持可以 减少男性缺席对留守妇女健康的潜在不利影响。