Contextual and intrapersonal influences on impaired control over drinking

 描述（由申请人提供）：本K 01提案的目的是为主要研究者Julie Patock-Peckham博士提供培训经验，使她能够成功地作为独立研究者开展R 01资助的项目。Patock-Peckham博士是使用基于调查的方法研究特质冲动和饮酒控制能力受损的公认专家。Patock-Peckham博士将扩展她的技能，包括实验性酒精自我管理研究和对酒精反应的生物标志物的整合。该K 01奖的导师William Corbin博士是酒精自我管理研究的专家， 建立NIAAA资助的研究项目，研究酒精反应的个体差异及其与酗酒风险和相关问题的关系。Patock-Peckham博士将接受人类酒精自我管理研究技术、与冲动相关的行为任务、皮质醇等生理指标以及测量开发和高级统计培训的培训。这些技能将使她能够提高她对酒精使用控制障碍的工作的复杂性和影响力，并促进她将控制障碍的新知识应用于开发新的预防和干预方法的能力。通过K 01奖进行的研究将解决背景和内在影响对饮酒控制受损（IC）的作用，反映出饮酒失调超出了预先存在的自我限制。感兴趣的主要背景影响包括启动剂量的酒精和社会压力。两者都已被证明会影响会话内饮酒行为，但都没有被检查使用受损的控制范式，没有以前的研究已经检查了启动剂量和社会压力的相互作用。背景对IC的影响也将通过创新的测量发展来解决。Patock-Peckham博士将与她的导师团队合作，开发一种新的IC环境特异性特质测量方法。拟议的研究是创新的，他们专注于自我的特点，包括“冷”和“热”执行功能（EF）通过自我报告和行为措施，皮质醇对压力的反应进行评估。在“冷”EF（例如工作记忆、行为控制）中具有特质（基线）缺陷的个体预计对预激剂量的影响特别敏感。与此相反，个人与特质“热”EF赤字（例如，情感过程中涉及的风险承担），预计将特别敏感的影响，社会压力对IC。状态（预激后剂量/社会应激源）“热”和“冷”EF也将作为预激和应激分别影响IC的潜在机制进行检查。努力了解IC发生的条件和背景影响影响IC的机制是非常重要的，因为其结果可能会导致开发针对IC的新预防/干预方法或根据IC患者的独特需求定制这些方法。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this K01 proposal is to provide the principal investigator, Dr. Julie Patock-Peckham, with training experiences that will allow her to succeed as an independent investigator conducting R01 funded projects. Dr. Patock-Peckham is a recognized expert in the study of trait impulsivity and impaired control over drinking using survey-based methods. The training experiences outlined in this proposal would allow Dr. Patock-Peckham to expand her skills to include experimental alcohol self-administration studies and integration of biological markers of response to alcohol in her future work. The mentor for this K01 award, Dr. William Corbin, is an expert in alcohol self-administration studies with a well established NIAAA funded program of research examining individual differences in alcohol response and their relations to risk for heavy drinking and related problems. Dr. Patock-Peckham will receive training in human alcohol self-administration study techniques, behavioral tasks associated with impulsivity, physiological measures such as cortisol, as well as measurement development and advanced statistical training. These skills will enable her to increase the sophistication and impact of her work on impaired control over alcohol use, and facilitate her ability to apply new knowledge on impaired control to the development of novel prevention and intervention approaches. The studies conducted through the K01 award will address the role of contextual and intrapersonal influences on impaired control over drinking (IC) reflecting dysregulated drinking beyond pre-existing self-imposed limits. The primary contextual influences of interest include a priming dose of alcohol and a social stressor. Both have been shown to impact within session drinking behavior, but neither has been examined using an impaired control paradigm and no prior study has examined the interactive effects of a priming dose and a social stressor. Contextual influences on IC will also be addressed through innovative measurement development. Dr. Patock-Peckham will work with her mentor team to develop a new context specific trait measure of IC. The proposed studies are innovative in their focus on intrapersonal characteristics including "cold" and "hot" executive functioning (EF) assessed through self-report and behavioral measures, and cortisol response to stress. Individuals with trait (baseline) deficits in "Cold" EF (e.g. working memory, behavioral control) are expected to be particularly sensitive to the effects of a priming dose. In contrast, individual with trait "hot" EF deficits (e.g. affective processes involved in risk taking) are expected to be particularly sensitive to the effects of a social stressor on IC. State (post priming dose/social stressor) "Hot" and "Cold" EF will also be examined as potential mechanisms through which priming and stress, respectively, impact IC. Efforts to understand the conditions under which IC occurs and the mechanisms through which contextual influences impact IC is highly significant as the results may lead to development of novel prevention/intervention approaches targeting IC or tailoring of these approaches to the unique needs of individuals experiencing IC.