Origin of Chronic Diseases of Aging Among Rural African American Young Adults

项目摘要 目前的建议是建立在一个正在进行的调查，以测试假设（1）的作用， 心理社会压力在“风化”年轻的身体，（2）保护因素，可能会减轻他们的不利影响 影响，以及（3）在关键生命过程过渡期间风化的连续性和变化的作用。试验 这些假说将有助于更好地理解风化在预测慢性病中的作用 在农村非洲裔美国人中的老龄化（CDAs），并为此制定预防方案 弱势群体。使用最近开发的生物风化的直接措施，我们发现， 到20岁时，一些SHAPE青年由于心理社会背景已经经历了加速老化。的 向成年人的过渡提供了一个机会，以审查新的和持续的来源的影响， 在这个重要的过渡时期， 使我们能够仔细检查潜在的不利和保护性的经验，“弯曲”的风险曲线， 未来的CDA，从而阐明预防干预的关键目标。在此，我们请求资金， SHAPE研究通过使用来自NICHD赞助的正在进行的数据收集方案的血液来表征 每个参与者在26岁时的“表观遗传时钟”，提供了一个关键的窗口风化和变化， 风化等，使我们能够进行增强的理论测试，并更准确地确定高价值 预防干预的目标。通过添加此评估，我们将拥有一个数据集，其中包含以下指标： 20岁和26岁时的生物风化，沿着出现代谢综合征的全套指标， 2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的前兆。这一评估不会对 SHAPE的参与者将大大增加数据集的公共卫生价值。一是 研究在过渡期间暴露于多维SES和种族相关压力源的影响， 生物风化的变化。我们期望暴露于压力源，特别是种族 歧视，在维持或加速青年期的风化过程中发挥关键作用 并预示CDA的脆弱性（即代谢风险和炎症）。第二，我们将确定积极的， 家庭内外的保护性影响，有助于将非洲裔美国年轻人从家庭中转移出来。 上述轨迹到CDA。我们预计，这些因素对年轻人尤其重要。 已经加速老化的成年人。建议的结果 这项研究将为制定旨在减缓生物风化的预防性干预措施提供信息， 促进早期发展CDA的高风险人群的健康。通过检查不仅是风险因素 加速老化，但也保护环境和应对过程，预示着减速， 在年轻的成年期，我们将有必要的成分，为新一代的 专门设计的预防计划，以阻止风化，促进农村居民的健康和福祉。 非裔美国人，从而解决有据可查的健康差距。

PROJECT SUMMARY The current proposal builds upon an ongoing investigation to test hypotheses about (1) the role of psychosocial stressors in “weathering” young bodies, (2) the protective factors that may mitigate their adverse impact, and (3) the role of continuity and change in weathering during a key life course transition. Tests of these hypotheses will enable a better understanding of the role of weathering in forecasting chronic diseases of aging (CDAs) among rural African Americans and set the stage for prevention programming for this vulnerable population. Using recently-developed, direct measures of biological weathering we have found that, by age 20, some SHAPE youth are already experiencing accelerated aging due to psychosocial context. The transition to adulthood provides an opportunity to examine the impact of both new and continuing sources of risk and resilience on weathering and ultimately on CDA vulnerability during this important transition period, allowing us to closely examine the potential for adverse and protective experiences to “bend” the risk curve for future CDAs and so illuminate key targets for preventive intervention. Here, we request funds to supplement the SHAPE study by using blood from an ongoing NICHD-sponsored data collection protocol to characterize each participant's “epigenetic clock” at age 26, providing a key window on weathering and changes in weathering and so allow us to conduct enhanced tests of theory and to more accurately identify high value targets for preventive intervention. By adding this assessment we will have a data set with measures of biological weathering at age 20 and age 26, along with a full complement of indicators of metabolic syndrome, a precursor to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This assessment will place no additional burden on SHAPE participants and will substantially increase the public health value of the data set. First, we will examine the impact of exposure to multidimensional SES- and race-related stressors during the transition to adulthood on changes in biological weathering. We expect exposure to stressors, particularly racial discrimination, to play a key role in maintaining or accelerating weathering processes across young adulthood and to presage CDA vulnerability (i.e. metabolic risk and inflammation). Second, we will identify positive, protective influences, both inside and outside the family, that help shift African American young adults off the above-mentioned trajectory to CDAs. We anticipate that these factors will be especially important for young adults who enter the transition to adulthood with already-accelerated weathering. The results of the proposed study will inform the development of preventive interventions designed to slow biological weathering and promote health for a population at high risk for early development of CDAs. By examining not only risk factors for accelerated aging but also protective environments and coping processes that presage a deceleration of biological aging across young adulthood, we will have the necessary ingredients for a new generation of prevention programs designed specifically to deter weathering and promote the health and well-being of rural African Americans, thereby addressing well-documented health disparities.