THE ROLE OF NEUTROPHILS IN REGULATING DISEASE SEVERITY OF VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
THE ROLE OF NEUTROPHILS IN REGULATING DISEASE SEVERITY OF VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
批准号:
9973208
负责人:
HAINA SHIN
金额:
$39.38万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-08-10 至 2023-07-31
关键词:
AddressAffectAttenuatedAutomobile DrivingBacteriaCRISPR/Cas technologyCellsClinicalDataDiseaseDisease OutcomeEpithelialEpitheliumEscherichia coliEstrogensFemaleGenital systemGrantHIVHIV-2Human Herpesvirus 2ImmuneImmune systemIn VitroInfectionInflammationInflammatoryInvadedKnock-outLeadMediatingModelingMolecularMorbidity - disease rateMucositisMucous MembraneMusNeutrophil ActivationNeutrophil InfiltrationPathogenicityPathologyPathway interactionsPattern recognition receptorPermeabilityPlayPopulationPredispositionProductionProgesteroneRecurrenceRoleSeverity of illnessSexually Transmitted DiseasesSignal TransductionSourceSymptomsSystemTestingTissuesVaginaViralVirusWomanWorkattenuationbacterial communitybasecell typechemokinecytokinedysbiosisgenital herpesglobal healthimaging approachimmunopathologyin vivoin vivo imaginginsightmicrobiotamigrationneutrophilnew therapeutic targetnovelreduce symptomsreproductive tractresponsesexually transmitted virusstem cellsvaginal microbiotavaginal mucosa
中文摘要
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英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) is the major causative agent of genital herpes, an incurable sexually
transmitted infection that disproportionately infects women and poses a global health burden. Genital herpes is
associated with recurrent symptoms that lead to tissue damage in the genital tract, and this pathology has
been proposed as a mechanism for increased susceptibility to other viral sexually transmitted infections such
as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)2,3. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to inflammation
and tissue damage within the female genital tract during HSV-2 infection are poorly understood. Neutrophils
are highly destructive innate immune cells that patrol the vagina at the steady state4. The role of neutrophils
during viral sexually transmitted infections is not well defined. Our data show that neutrophils drive a
pathogenic response against HSV-2. Depletion of neutrophils prior to infection resulted in significantly
attenuated disease severity and tissue damage without affecting viral titers, suggesting that immunopathology
plays a key role in genital herpes. Neutrophils are capable of multiple effector functions, including cytokine
secretion. After neutrophil depletion, there was a profound reduction in IL-1b levels in the vagina, and the
majority of IL-1b expressing cells in the vagina after HSV-2 infection were neutrophils, suggesting that
neutrophil-mediated disease during HSV-2 infection may be driven by this pleiotropic pro-inflammatory
cytokine. A multitude of factors can activate the neutrophil response, including virus- and bacteria-derived
products. Transient perturbation of the vaginal microbiota led to an increase in neutrophil numbers in the
vaginal tissue, suggesting that vaginal bacteria may play a role in regulating neutrophil-dependent tissue
damage during genital herpes. Together, this proposal aims to dissect the mechanisms of neutrophil activation
and identify the key factors that drive neutrophil-dependent tissue damage and inflammation at the vaginal
mucosa during HSV-2 infection. The requirement of IL-1b produced by neutrophils in driving genital
inflammation will be assessed in vivo using knockout models and cytokine neutralization, and downstream
effector mechanisms that may lead to mucosal permeability will be examined. The role of the vaginal
microbiota in regulating pathogenic neutrophil responses will be tested by transient introduction of common
vaginal bacteria into mice. Finally, CRISPR/cas9 will be used to delete candidate pattern recognition receptors
in neutrophils derived from Hoxb8-transformed progenitor cells to identify pathways that can stimulate
neutrophils during genital HSV-2 infection. Greater understanding of the pathology caused by neutrophil
responses to HSV-2 infection may provide new targets for therapeutics that can reduce symptoms, tissue
damage and susceptibility to other viral sexually transmitted infections.
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THE ROLE OF NEUTROPHILS IN REGULATING DISEASE SEVERITY OF VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
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批准号:10212918
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$39.38万
-
财政年份:2018
-
负责人:HAINA SHIN
-
依托单位:
THE ROLE OF NEUTROPHILS IN REGULATING DISEASE SEVERITY OF VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
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批准号:9761975
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$39.26万
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财政年份:2018
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负责人:HAINA SHIN
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依托单位:
Antigen-specific CD8 T cell migration and protective immunity in permissive and r
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批准号:8107585
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$4.84万
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财政年份:2010
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负责人:HAINA SHIN
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依托单位:
Antigen-specific CD8 T cell migration and protective immunity in permissive and r
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批准号:8284215
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$5.22万
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财政年份:2010
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负责人:HAINA SHIN
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依托单位:
Antigen-specific CD8 T cell migration and protective immunity in permissive and r
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批准号:7993772
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$4.56万
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财政年份:2010
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负责人:HAINA SHIN
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依托单位:
海外基金