Analyzing pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus-oyster interactions to prevent human disease

项目摘要/摘要 副溶血性弧菌(Vp)是由海鲜引起的胃肠炎的主要病原。 大流行规模。在美国，它是CDC报告的一种新出现的人类病原体，每年都在增加 发病率和死亡率。由致病性VP毒株引起的疾病对全球 与人类健康有关的食品安全和可持续性。最常见的是，人类疾病预防有 重点研究了食品来源中VP的检测和减少。尽管如此，人类VP感染率仍然是 正在崛起。关于VP是如何与海洋动物宿主互动的，人们知之甚少。更好地理解这一点 这种关系有可能导致开发出预防细菌-动物宿主的方法 在人类食用之前结合和/或增强从宿主的细菌去除，从而减轻 人类疾病的发生。我们建议使用牡蛎，一种天然的VP宿主和一种常见的 传播给人类，作为一种动物模型系统，以了解VP何时以及如何与他们互动。它是 假设A)VP将定位于牡蛎中的特定组织，以及B)特定基因将对 VP定植牡蛎的能力。我们的合作研究团队加强了拟议的工作， 由四位在分子细菌学、贝类水产养殖、动物病理学方面有专长的科学家组成。 和生物信息学方法。从这项研究中获得的新信息将导致更可靠的 以实验室为基础的牡蛎模型系统，将为今后的工作奠定基础，确立角色 环境因素，包括驻留微生物群、宿主遗传学和特定的细菌基因产物 在VP-Oyster互动中发挥作用。改进的牡蛎模型不仅适用于VP，也适用于其他 致病性弧菌物种，导致改进预防人类食源性疾病感染的方法。

Project Summary/Abstract The bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) is a leading cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis on a pandemic scale. In the United States, it is a CDC-reportable emerging human pathogen with increasing annual morbidity and mortality rates. Diseases caused by pathogenic VP strains have important implications for global food safety and sustainability in relation to human health. Most commonly, human disease prevention has focused on the detection and reduction of VP in food sources. Despite this, human VP infection rates are still rising. Little is known about how VP interacts with its marine animal hosts. A better understanding of this relationship has the potential to lead to the development of methods to either prevent bacterial-animal host association and/or enhance bacterial removal from the host prior to human consumption, thereby mitigating the occurrence of human disease. We propose to use oysters, a natural host of VP and a common route of transmission to humans, as an animal model system to understand when and how VP interacts with them. It is hypothesized that A) VP will localize to specific tissues in the oyster and B) specific genes will be critical for the ability of VP to colonize oysters. The proposed work is strengthened by our collaborative research team, which is comprised of four scientists with expertise in molecular bacteriology, shellfish aquaculture, animal pathology and bioinformatics methods. The novel information gained from this research will lead to a more reliable laboratory-based oyster model system that will lay the foundation for future work to establish the roles environmental factors, including the resident microbiome, host genetics and specific bacterial gene products play in VP-oyster interactions. The refined oyster model will be applicable not only for VP but for other pathogenic Vibrio species, leading to improved methods to prevent human food-borne disease acquisition.