Social networks and oral health-related risk behaviors in public housing communities

公共住房社区中的社交网络和口腔健康相关风险行为

• 批准号: 9979639
• 负责人: Raul I Garcia
• 金额: $ 77.29万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9979639
• 关键词: Adoption; Adult; Affect; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Boston; Caregivers; Child; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Data; Development; Diet and Nutrition; Disadvantaged; Disease; Drug usage; Elements; Endogenous Factors; Enrollment; Environment; Exogenous Factors; Family; Future; Health; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health behavior; Housing; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mouth Diseases; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Obesity; Observational Study; Oral; Oral health; Outcome; Overweight; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Population; Population Dynamics; Poverty; Process; Property; Public Housing; Quality of life; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Science; Shapes; Social Behavior; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Network; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Treatment Efficacy; United States; Work; base; behavior influence; design; disadvantaged population; experience; health disparity; high reward; improved; interest; member; population health; prevent; racial and ethnic; recruit; response; social; social disparities; social metrics; social relationships; social stigma; sugar; sweetened beverage; theories; therapy design; tool

Social influences are important in the causes of oral health disparities and to changing health-related behaviors in disadvantaged populations. Conceptual models of children’s oral health include dynamic social pathways and the key role of caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. There is a critical lack of information about these pathways, particularly how social influences shape knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to oral health. We propose to conduct a longitudinal sociometric network analysis among residents of public housing to better understand the factors that affect oral health-related risk behaviors. Although network science is relatively new to oral health disparities research, it is a well-established tool in other areas of health research. Understanding the role of social influences on the initiation and progression of oral disease is critical to the development, testing and implementation of effective behavioral interventions. Our rationale is that by using network science to measure social interactions in a community, we will be able to define social network pathways that influence the risk-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors that are associated with oral disease. Using knowledge about social influence that is gained from our research, future interventions may be tested and implemented that will prevent and reduce oral disease for those most at risk for oral disease. Our specific aims are to: (1) Recruit and enroll a community of public housing residents to evaluate the structural properties of their social networks relevant to oral health risk-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors at baseline and at 9- month intervals over two time points, (2) Identify and quantify the exogenous and endogenous factors associated with the observed network structures and, (3) Determine the association between the composition and structure of networks and oral health risk-related knowledge, attitudes and/or behaviors over time. Public housing residents are a high impact, high-reward population for the study of oral health disparities because they involve spatial clustering of poverty and poor health. This produces a unique social climate and associated stigma for study that is not seen in other disadvantaged communities. Our research will study network systems that influence social behaviors that are associated with oral disease and health disparities. Findings from our proposed observational study of public housing communities will help to inform the design of interventions that respond to the complex system dynamics of populations affected by health disparities.

社会影响对于造成口腔健康差异以及改变与健康相关的状况非常重要。 弱势群体的行为。儿童口腔健康的概念模型包括动态社会 护理人员的知识、态度和行为的途径和关键作用。严重缺乏 有关这些途径的信息，特别是社会影响如何塑造知识、态度和行为 与口腔健康有关。 我们建议对公屋居民进行纵向社会计量网络分析， 更好地了解影响口腔健康相关风险行为的因素。虽然网络科学是 它对于口腔健康差异研究来说相对较新，但在其他健康研究领域却是一个成熟的工具。 了解社会影响对口腔疾病发生和发展的作用对于口腔疾病的预防至关重要。 开发、测试和实施有效的行为干预措施。 我们的理由是，通过使用网络科学来衡量社区中的社交互动，我们将 能够定义影响风险相关知识、态度和行为的社交网络路径 与口腔疾病有关。利用从我们的研究中获得的有关社会影响的知识， 未来的干预措施可能会得到测试和实施，以预防和减少大多数人的口腔疾病。 口腔疾病的风险。 我们的具体目标是： (1) 招募和登记公共住房居民社区，评估其结构特性 基线和 9 岁时与口腔健康风险相关的知识、态度和行为相关的社交网络 两个时间点的月间隔， (2) 识别并量化与观察到的网络相关的外生和内生因素 结构和， (3)确定网络的组成和结构与口腔健康风险相关的关系 随着时间的推移，人们的知识、态度和/或行为。 公共住房居民是口腔健康差异研究中影响力大、回报高的人群 因为它们涉及贫困和健康状况不佳的空间聚集。这就产生了独特的社会风气 相关的研究耻辱在其他弱势群体中是不存在的。 我们的研究将研究影响与口头相关的社会行为的网络系统 疾病和健康差异。我们提出的公共住房社区观察研究的结果 将有助于为应对人口复杂系统动态的干预措施设计提供信息 受健康差异的影响。