Neural Underpinnings of Anxiety in Relation to Eating Behaviors in Adolescence

青春期饮食行为相关焦虑的神经基础

• 批准号: 9980711
• 负责人: Meghan E Byrne
• 金额: $ 2.95万
• 依托单位: HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-12 至 2021-08-11
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9980711
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Binge eating disorder; Childhood; Consumption; Cues; Data; Development; Disease model; Distress; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Emotional; Energy Intake; Etiology; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feeling; Female Adolescents; Food; Hyperphagia; Intake; Laboratories; Link; Magnetoencephalography; Measurement; Medial; Mediating; Metabolic syndrome; Modeling; Nature; Obesity; Overweight; Palate; Pathway interactions; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Preventive Intervention; Regulation; Reporting; Resolution; Risk; Role; Stimulus; Syndrome; Testing; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; Youth; adverse outcome; anxiety symptoms; attentional bias; base; cingulate cortex; comorbidity; coping; depressive symptoms; emotion regulation; experience; food consumption; girls; high risk; loss of control over eating; negative affect; neural circuit; neuroimaging; novel; obesity in children; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; social; social anxiety; theories

Project Summary/Abstract Loss of control (LOC) eating, a hallmark feature of binge eating disorder, involves the subjective experience of being unable to control what or how much is being eaten. Common in adolescent girls, LOC eating is a precursor to partial- or full-syndrome binge eating disorder as well as worsening of depressive and anxiety symptoms, higher risk for excess weight and fat gain, and worsening of metabolic syndrome components. These data indicate that LOC eating in childhood may be a prospective marker for adverse outcomes. LOC eating in youth is highly comorbid with anxiety, and is predictive of increases in anxiety symptoms over time, suggesting shared neural underpinnings and/or etiologies. Indeed, at least one neuroimaging study found that girls with overweight and obesity and reported LOC eating demonstrated a similar neural response to social distress as youth with anxiety. These data suggest youth with LOC eating may have an attention bias (preferential allocation of attention to highly salient stimuli) to socially threatening stimuli, similar to that of youth with anxiety. This attention bias may be explained by the interpersonal model of disordered eating. According to interpersonal theory, LOC eating may develop as a result of maladaptive coping with negative affective states, such as anxiety, that arise from socially distressing situations. Food consumption is triggered as an attempt to escape from the uncomfortable affective state. This maladaptive coping strategy may be due, in part, to heightened sensitivity to incoming social cues and abnormalities in anxiety processing socio-emotional neural circuits. Notably, there are data to suggest that anxiety, specifically, plays a role in the relationship between social cues and consumption of overeating highly palatable foods in youth with reported LOC eating. However, the interpersonal model has not been directly tested making use of a task to assess attention bias to social threat cues among youth with LOC eating. Further, there are no data to indicate whether LOC eating impacts the relationship between attention bias to social threat and neural aspects of anxiety processing and subsequent eating behaviors. The temporal nature of attention bias to social threat and activity in neural circuits involved in anxiety processing is ideally suited for measurement by magnetoencephalography (MEG), which has both excellent temporal and spatial resolution. Utility of MEG has been supported for differentiating between neural components of attention bias to social threat. Thus, utilizing MEG may elucidate the neural bases of attention bias toward threat that may contribute to LOC eating. The proposed study will examine the relationship between attention bias to social threat cues and neural activation implicated in social anxiety (i.e. anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex) and subsequent energy intake at a laboratory test meal in youth with overweight, with and without LOC eating. A better understanding of the neural underpinnings involved in the links between LOC eating and anxiety may aid in the development of novel targets for reducing excess intake that leads to disordered eating and obesity.

项目总结/摘要 饮食失控是暴饮暴食症的一个标志性特征，涉及以下主观体验： 无法控制吃什么或吃多少。在青春期女孩中很常见，暴食是 部分或全部综合症暴食症以及抑郁和焦虑症状的恶化， 超重和脂肪增加的风险更高，代谢综合征组分恶化。这些数据 表明儿童期过度饮食可能是不良后果的一个预期标志。青年时期的饮食 与焦虑高度共病，并且随着时间的推移，焦虑症状的增加是预测性的，这表明共享 神经基础和/或病因。事实上，至少有一项神经影像学研究发现， 肥胖和报告的暴食表现出类似的神经反应，社会痛苦的青年， 焦虑这些数据表明，青少年与暴食可能有一个注意力偏见（优先分配的注意力 高度突出的刺激），以社会威胁的刺激，类似的青年与焦虑。这种注意力偏见 可以用饮食失调的人际关系模型来解释。根据人际关系理论， 可能是由于对消极情感状态的适应不良，如焦虑， 社会上令人不安的情况。食物消费是作为一种逃避不舒服的尝试而引发的 情感状态这种不适应的应对策略可能部分是由于对即将到来的社会敏感性的提高。 焦虑处理的社会情绪神经回路的线索和异常。值得注意的是，有数据表明， 焦虑在社交暗示和暴饮暴食之间的关系中起着重要作用 在青少年中发现了非常可口的食物，据报道，然而，人际关系模型并没有直接 测试使用一项任务，以评估注意偏见的社会威胁线索之间的青年与反式饮食。此外，本发明还 目前还没有数据表明暴食是否会影响注意偏向与社会威胁之间的关系， 以及焦虑处理和随后的进食行为的神经方面。注意力的时间性 对社会威胁的偏见和参与焦虑处理的神经回路的活动非常适合测量 脑磁图（MEG），它具有良好的时间和空间分辨率。MEG的效用 已经支持区分注意力偏向的神经成分与社会威胁。因此，在本发明中， 利用脑磁图可以阐明对威胁的注意偏向的神经基础，这种注意偏向可能有助于威胁进食。 本研究将探讨对社会威胁线索的注意偏向与神经行为之间的关系。 涉及社交焦虑的激活（即前扣带皮层，杏仁核，背外侧前额叶皮层， 内侧前额叶皮层、腹外侧前额叶皮层）和随后在实验室测试餐中的能量摄入 在超重的年轻人中，有和没有过度饮食。更好地理解神经基础 参与控制过度饮食和焦虑之间的联系可能有助于开发减少焦虑的新目标 摄入过量，导致饮食失调和肥胖。

项目成果

Neural underpinnings of threat bias in relation to loss-of-control eating behaviors among adolescent girls with high weight.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1276300
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
• 影响因子: 4.7
• 作者: Byrne, Meghan E.;Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian;Liuzzi, Lucrezia;Holroyd, Tom;Parker, Megan N.;Bloomer, Bess F.;Nugent, Allison;Brady, Sheila M.;Yang, Shanna B.;Turner, Sara A.;Pine, Daniel S.;Yanovski, Jack A.
• 通讯作者: Yanovski, Jack A.