Establishing mechanistic links between the gut microbiome and atherosclerosis

建立肠道微生物组和动脉粥样硬化之间的机制联系

• 批准号: 9981230
• 负责人: Aldons Jake Lusis
• 金额: $ 65.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9981230
• 关键词: Ablation; Affect; Animal Model; Animals; Apolipoprotein E; Arterial Fatty Streak; Atherosclerosis; Bacteria; Binding; Butyrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Choline; Chronic Disease; Clinical Research; Collection; Complex; Dendritic Cells; Deterioration; Development; Diet; Dietary Factors; Dietary Fiber; Disease; Disease model; Distal; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epithelial Cells; Exhibits; Fiber; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Germ-Free; Gnotobiotic; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Human Genome; Human Microbiome; Hybrids; Immunologics; Impairment; Inbred Strains Mice; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Integration Host Factors; Intervention; Intestines; Laboratories; Lesion; Link; Lipopolysaccharides; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Microbe; Microbial Physiology; Microbiology; Modeling; Mouse Strains; Mucous body substance; Mus; Nucleotides; Peptidoglycan; Phenotype; Plasma; Play; Positioning Attribute; Predisposition; Process; Production; Proteins; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resources; Role; Signal Pathway; System; Testing; Toll-like receptors; Toxin; Validation; Work; blood glucose regulation; cardiometabolism; cardiovascular disorder therapy; cardiovascular risk factor; cytokine; design; disorder prevention; dysbiosis; follow-up; genetic approach; gut bacteria; gut microbes; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; host microbiota; improved; insight; interleukin-22; interleukin-23; intestinal barrier; intestinal homeostasis; macrophage; microbial; microbial host; microbiome; microbiome composition; microbiome research; mouse model; novel; overexpression; prevent; receptor; skills; targeted treatment; trait; trimethylamine; trimethyloxamine; vector

Project Summary Human and mouse studies have identified changes in the gut microbiome associated with progression of atherosclerosis. While gut microbes provide many benefits to the host (e.g. provide metabolic capabilities not represented in our human genome), they also can be detrimental. Coexistence with our gut microbes is largely enabled by the intestinal barrier—composed of a luminal mucus layer, epithelial cells and an inner functional immunological barrier— which limits the entry of toxins and microbial pro-inflammatory molecules. Previous studies have shown that diet and microbial metabolism modulate intestinal barrier function. Recent work from our team and others has linked changes in the gut microbiome with alterations in intestinal barrier function and cardiometabolic disease. However, the role of intestinal barrier function on atherosclerosis development and the microbial, dietary and host factors that control this process remain largely unexplored. Defining these will open new avenues for disease prevention and treatment, as both diet and the gut microbiome can be modified. We have identified both microbial and host targets associated with intestinal homeostasis, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Briefly, we examined a panel of over 100 different genetically diverse inbred strains of mice (known as the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel, HMDP) for both atherosclerosis susceptibility and gut microbiota composition. In this screen, we identified several bacterial taxa associated with atherosclerosis protection and experimentally validated one predicted protective microbe, Roseburia intestinalis, whose effect depends on the availability of dietary substrates (i.e., fiber) that promote its growth and butyrate production. Moreover, we showed that the beneficial effects of R. intestinalis are associated with improved intestinal barrier function and lower plasma levels of LPS. Furthermore, these effects are mimicked by delivering butyrate to the distal gut. Our HMDP studies also revealed a poorly understood protein expressed primarily in intestinal dendritic cells and macrophages, ADAM-like Decysin-1 (Adamdec1), as a protein responsive to microbiome composition and contributing to intestinal homeostasis, glucose homeostasis and systemic inflammation. In this application, we propose to follow-up on these exciting observations to gain novel mechanistic insights into how modulation of intestinal homeostasis via diet-butyrate-producing bacteria interactions and Adamdec1 affect progression of atherosclerosis. We provide a strong validation for the overall approach, and the work will be done in two laboratories with complementary skills: Dr. Rey (microbiology, gnotobiotic mouse models) and Dr. Lusis (genetics, atherosclerosis). The investigators have worked together for several years. We anticipate discovery of novel mechanisms by which gut bacteria modulate development of atherosclerosis, which should pave the way for novel cardiovascular disease therapies that target the gut microbiome.

项目摘要 人类和小鼠的研究已经确定了肠道微生物组的变化与疾病进展相关。 动脉粥样硬化虽然肠道微生物为宿主提供了许多益处（例如提供代谢能力，而不影响宿主的新陈代谢）， 在我们的人类基因组中代表），它们也可能是有害的。与我们的肠道微生物共存， 由肠屏障-由腔粘液层，上皮细胞和内部功能性细胞组成， 免疫屏障-限制毒素和微生物促炎分子的进入。先前 研究表明饮食和微生物代谢调节肠屏障功能。最近的工作从 我们的团队和其他人已经将肠道微生物组的变化与肠道屏障功能的改变联系起来， 心脏代谢疾病然而，肠屏障功能在动脉粥样硬化发展中的作用以及 控制这一过程的微生物、饮食和宿主因素在很大程度上仍未被探索。定义这些将打开 疾病预防和治疗的新途径，因为饮食和肠道微生物组都可以改变。我们 已经确定了与肠道内稳态、炎症和 动脉粥样硬化简单地说，我们检查了一组超过100种不同的遗传多样性近交系小鼠 （称为杂交小鼠多样性小组，HMDP）用于动脉粥样硬化易感性和肠道微生物群 混合物.在这次筛选中，我们鉴定了几种与动脉粥样硬化保护相关的细菌分类群， 实验验证了一种预测的保护性微生物，罗斯拜瑞氏菌，其效果取决于 膳食基质的可用性（即，纤维），促进其生长和丁酸生产。而且我们 表明R.益生菌与改善的肠屏障功能有关， 降低血浆LPS水平。此外，通过将丁酸盐递送到远端肠道来模拟这些作用。 我们的HMDP研究还揭示了一种主要在肠道树突状细胞中表达的知之甚少的蛋白质， 巨噬细胞，ADAM样Decysin-1（Adamdec 1），作为响应微生物组组成的蛋白质， 有助于肠内稳态、葡萄糖内稳态和全身炎症。在本申请中，我们 我建议对这些令人兴奋的观察进行跟踪，以获得关于如何调节 通过饮食-产丁酸菌相互作用和Adamdec 1影响肠内稳态进展 动脉粥样硬化我们为整个方法提供了一个强有力的验证，工作将分两步完成。 具有互补技能的实验室：Rey博士（微生物学，gnotobiotic小鼠模型）和Lusis博士 （遗传学，动脉粥样硬化）。调查人员已经合作了好几年。我们预计会发现 肠道细菌调节动脉粥样硬化发展的新机制，这将为 新的心血管疾病治疗方法，目标是肠道微生物组。