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Holographic Optics Technology Core

全息光学技术核心

基本信息

批准号：
9983222
负责人：
Shy Shoham
金额：
$ 85.31万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9983222
关键词：
Action Potentials Algorithms Animals Area BRAIN initiative Behavior Behavioral Brain Cells Code Computer software Development Dimensions Electrophysiology (science)Ensure Event Financial compensation Goals Grant Head Heart Image Individual Laboratories Lasers Lateral Light Lighting Methods Modality Morphologic artifacts Motion Movement Mus Neurons Optics Organ Pattern Physiologic pulse Problem Solving Radial Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resolution Rodent Saccades Sampling Sensory Smell Perception Specificity Speed Stimulus System Technical Expertise Techniques Technology Time Vision Work awake behavior measurement behavioral response cell type design experimental study improved in vivo innovative technologies millisecond neural circuit neuroregulation novel optical imaging optogenetics relating to nervous system response sensory stimulus software systems spatiotemporal technology development temporal measurement tool two-photon

项目摘要

Two-photon patterned optogenetic excitation is a powerful emerging tool for perturbing distributed neural activity with cellular precision and specificity. However, current techniques for two-photon patterned illumination in vivo target a limited number of neurons with relatively poor temporal resolution, have not been validated across brain areas, and have not yet been reported to drive mammalian behavioral responses. The Technology Core will tackle a set of technically advanced yet feasible dissemination and development steps, advancing the team’s optics hardware, software, and optogenetics capabilities. These advances will enable two-photon optogenetic stimulation to achieve robust and precise distributed neural control in behaving animals across brain areas and cell types. All three research projects will work with the Technology Core, leveraging the unique expertise of the core laboratories in advanced optical technologies that allow us to sculpt laser wavefronts to interrogate brain circuits with single-neuron resolution in different sensory regions of the rodent brain. First, the Technology Core will integrate and validate the best practices for all-optical imaging and patterned two-photon perturbation, experimental management software, and light-sensitive probes. These state-of-the- art tools will be disseminated across the team. Next, the core will advance and optimize the specificity and scale of patterned two-photon stimulation, by exploring new optical, algorithmic, and probe-targeting solutions for improving stimulation specificity and robustness, new hardware and optical designs for extending the accessible stimulation field in both lateral and axial dimensions, and closed-loop software for brain motion compensation. Finally, the core will advance and optimize the temporal precision of patterned two-photon stimulation using rate-optimized optogenetic probes, spatial light modulators (SLMs), and high pulse-energy lasers, and by accurately synchronizing the optical perturbations with behavioral events and with intrinsic electrical dynamics. By enabling the stimulation of hundreds of neurons with unprecedented (below 10 ms) temporal resolution in behaving animals across brain areas and cell types, the work of the Technology Core will enable the research objective of elucidating how the cooperative activity of large groups of neurons drives behavior. Optimization of optical systems, software systems, and probes will be a critical component of result comparisons across sensory modalities. A unique strength of our proposal is that the technical teams are involved in performing the in vivo experiments, ensuring that technical expertise is directly available during experiments and that the problem solving is driven by experimentally relevant concerns.

双光子模式光遗传激励是一种强大的新兴的干扰分布式神经系统的工具