Non-invasive measures of multisensory cortical feedforward and feedback influences

多感觉皮质前馈和反馈影响的非侵入性测量

• 批准号: 10188488
• 负责人: SEPPO PENTTI AHLFORS
• 金额: $ 54.82万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10188488
• 关键词: Address; Anatomy; Aphasia; Area; Associative aphasia; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Base of the Brain; Brain; Cognition; Cues; Data; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Dyslexia; Electroencephalography; Electromagnetics; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Feedback; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Implanted Electrodes; Investigation; Lateral; Literature; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Multimodal Imaging; Neurons; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Periodicity; Play; Primates; Process; Property; Research; Resolution; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Techniques; Testing; Visual; Visual Cortex; auditory processing; autism spectrum disorder; base; clinical investigation; density; follow-up; hemodynamics; imaging modality; information processing; medical implant; multimodality; multisensory; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; response; sensory cortex; sensory system; somatosensory; sound; tool

Non-invasive measures of multisensory cortical feedforward and feedback influences The objective of this research is to develop and apply advanced multimodal neuroimaging methods to examine how information flows between brain areas, by using crossmodal modulation of human auditory processing as a test case. A hierarchical organization of feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) connections among primate sensory areas has been established based on anatomical and functional connectivity patterns across cortical layers. For example, information from other sensory systems could modulate sound processing in auditory cortices (AC) through direct FF inputs, lateral inputs from other sensory cortices, and/or FB effects from higher-level polymodal areas (e.g., superior temporal sulcus STS). However, the exact way each of these mechanisms contributes to perception and cognition is an important open question. A critical barrier for resolving this question has been the lack of non-invasive techniques to make detailed inferences on FF and FB influences in cortical information processing. Such techniques are also needed to achieve better tools for the diagnosis and follow-up of disorders involving abnormal FF and FB processes, including aphasia, dyslexia, or autism. Recent studies suggest that functional FF and FB influences could be indirectly inferred from the local direction of magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG, EEG) source current estimates, as well as from frequency-band specific directed functional connectivity measures. Furthermore, recent developments in ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) make it possible sample small voxels (< 1 mm3) at different depths of cortex, potentially enabling inferences of FF and FB type laminar activation patterns. These approaches could provide critical pieces of information regarding the hierarchical role of an area among other cortical areas, something that is not available in conventional measures of cortical activation patterns. Based on these scientific premises, our Aim 1 is to combine measures of source current direction and effective connectivity derived from MEG/EEG (Subaim 1a) with intracortical depth (or “laminar”) analyses of 7T fMRI signals recorded simultaneously with high-density EEG data (Subaim 1b). We will compare the results with predictions based on studies of non-human primate models. Our Aim 2 is to develop novel methods for examining the neuronal mechanisms of crossmodal entrainment of AC activations in humans, including an extension of the source direction analysis to oscillatory activity. To achieve this, we will combine analyses of MEG/EEG source estimates (Subaim 2a) and analyses of simultaneously acquired laminar-resolution 7T fMRI and high-density EEG data (Subaim 2b). For both Aims, we will validate our non-invasive results by using direct brain recordings from patients with epilepsy who have intracranial electrodes implanted for medical reasons. These techniques resulting from this project will significantly augment our ability to characterize cortical processes using noninvasive neuroimaging.

多感觉皮层前馈和反馈影响的非侵入性测量 本研究的目的是开发和应用先进的多模式神经成像方法， 研究信息如何在大脑区域之间流动，通过使用人类听觉的跨模态调制， 作为测试用例处理。前馈（FF）和反馈（FB）连接的分层组织， 灵长类动物的感觉区已经建立在解剖和功能连接模式的基础上， 皮质层例如，来自其他感觉系统的信息可以调节声音处理， 听觉皮层（AC）通过直接FF输入，来自其他感觉皮层的横向输入，和/或来自 较高级别的多模态区域（例如，上级颞沟STS）。然而，每一个人 机制有助于感知和认知是一个重要的开放问题。解决这一问题的关键障碍 这个问题一直是缺乏非侵入性的技术来详细推断FF和FB的影响 大脑皮层信息处理还需要这些技术来实现更好的诊断工具， 随访涉及异常FF和FB过程的疾病，包括失语症、阅读障碍或自闭症。最近 研究表明，功能性FF和FB影响可以间接地从局部方向推断， 磁和脑电图（MEG，EEG）源电流估计，以及从频带 具体的定向功能连接措施。此外，超高场的最新发展 功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）使得在不同深度对小的体素（< 1 mm 3）进行采样成为可能 的皮质，可能使FF和FB型层状激活模式的推论。这些方法可以 提供了关于一个区域在其他皮层区域中的分层作用的关键信息， 这是在传统的皮层激活模式测量中无法获得的。基于这些科学 前提下，我们的目标1是结合联合收割机措施的源电流方向和有效的连接来自 MEG/EEG（Subaim 1a），记录7 T fMRI信号的皮质内深度（或“层”）分析 与高密度EEG数据同时进行（Subaim 1b）。我们将比较结果与预测的基础上， 非人类灵长类动物模型的研究。我们的目标2是开发新的方法来检查神经元 人类AC激活的跨模态夹带机制，包括源的扩展 方向分析振荡活动。为此，我们将结合联合收割机分析MEG/EEG源估计 （Subaim 2a）和同时采集的层分辨率7 T fMRI和高密度EEG数据的分析 （Subaim 2b）。对于这两个目标，我们将通过使用直接的大脑记录来验证我们的非侵入性结果， 因医疗原因植入颅内电极的癫痫患者。这些技术 从这个项目中产生的结果将大大增强我们的能力，表征皮质过程使用 非侵入性神经成像