Ingestible Electronic Devices for Non-Invasive Vagal Stimulation

用于无创迷走神经刺激的可摄入电子设备

• 批准号: 10354518
• 负责人: Elizabeth C Dickey
• 金额: $ 12.56万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10354518
• 关键词: 20 year old; Afferent Neurons; American; Biomimetics; Brain; Chemicals; Communication; Cues; Devices; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Digestive System Disorders; Electrodes; Electronics; Family suidae; Fasting; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Hormones; Incidence; Link; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Monitor; Nerve; Neuraxis; Neurons; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Play; Power Sources; Prediabetes syndrome; Rewards; Risk; Role; Satiation; Signal Transduction; Signaling Molecule; Small Intestines; Specialized Epithelial Cell; Technology; afferent nerve; base; cellular transduction; design; flexibility; gastrointestinal system; gut bacteria; gut-brain axis; human subject; neural circuit; pill; porcine model; relating to nervous system; response; small molecule; spatiotemporal

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT There are approximately 25 million Americans that suffer from Type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, about 35 million Americans >20 years old are diagnosed with prediabetes. More than one-third of Americans are also obese, an incidence that has nearly tripled from 1960 to 2010. Recent studies have shown that the gut-brain axis places a critical role in digestive and metabolic diseases. Further, direct communication between the sensory neurons in the gut and neural reward circuits in the brain plays a crucial role in detecting chemical cues such as hormones, satiety signals, or small molecule metabolites produced by bacteria in the gut. Chemicals in the small intestine are detected by specialized epithelial cells that transduce chemical signals into neuronal activity that can be interpreted by the central nervous system. An ingestible device that supersedes chemical cues and stimulates sensory neurons directly using electronic pulses could mimic the chemical milieu in the gut that is associated with healthy metabolic and digestive states. Spatiotemporal control of intraluminal sensory nerve stimulation in the gut could with help us understand the link between chemical signaling in the digestive system and neural circuits in the brain that are modulated by the gut-brain axis. Here we propose an ingestible electronic device with flexible electrodes that can pace sensory nerve activity in the gut of a pig model. Physiological responses will be measured, and brain activity will be monitored using fMRI. Initially, this project will validate this proof-of-concept using tethered electrodes in porcine subjects. Specifically, sensory neurons in the gut will be paced using biomimetic waveforms that will simulate fed or fasted states in porcine subjects while brain activity will be measured simultaneously using fMRI. These results will help us understand the connection between gustatory signaling, sensory nerve activity, and neural reward circuits in the brain such as satiety. In the future, we will design a fully autonomous smart pill with an on-board power supply and circuitry that selectively and non-invasively stimulate or block the activity of sensory neurons in the gut of human subjects. If successfully, this smart pill could serve as a low-risk device-based approach to help understand and potentially treat digestive and metabolic disorders of the gut-brain axis such as obesity and diabetes.

项目摘要/摘要