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Towards an Integrated Understanding of Neurotransmitter Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: a Multimodal MRI Study

Towards an Integrated Understanding of Neurotransmitter Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: a Multimodal MRI Study
全面了解精神分裂症神经递质功能障碍:多模态 MRI 研究
批准号:
10192836
负责人:
Jodi Jay Weinstein
金额:
$22.76万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-07-09 至 2023-06-30
关键词:
AgeAnatomyAnimal ModelAnteriorAntipsychotic AgentsAttentionBackBase of the BrainBiologicalBloodBrainCerebrumClinicalCorpus striatum structureDataDevelopmentDiseaseDopamineEnsureEnvironmentEquilibriumEthnic OriginFosteringFunctional disorderFundingGlutamatesGlutamineGoalsHippocampus (Brain)HumanHyperactivityImaging TechniquesIndividualInterneuron functionInterneuronsLeadLinkLiteratureLongevityMagnetic ResonanceMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMeasuresMedicalMethodologyMethodsMethylazoxymethanol AcetateMidbrain structureModelingMolecularMultimodal ImagingNeurobiologyNeuronsNeuropsychologyNeurosciencesNeurotransmittersOutputParticipantParvalbuminsPathologyPatientsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhysiciansPhysiologic pulsePositron-Emission TomographyPreventionProtocols documentationProxyPsychosesPsychotic DisordersResearchResearch PersonnelResearch TrainingResourcesRodentRodent ModelSchizophreniaScientistSeveritiesSignal TransductionSocioeconomic StatusSubstantia nigra structureSymptomsSystemTestingTobacco useTrainingTraining ProgramsUnited States National Institutes of HealthVentral Striatumclinical riskcontrast enhanceddopamine systemdopaminergic neurondrug developmentgamma-Aminobutyric Acidimaging modalityimaging studyin vivoin vivo imagingindexingindividual patientinnovationmagnetic fieldmultimodalityneural circuitneurochemistryneuroimagingneuromelaninnew therapeutic targetnovelpre-clinicalprenatalrecruitrelating to nervous systemresponsible research conductsextherapeutic evaluation

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PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT  Schizophrenia is among the most severe and burdensome medical conditions worldwide, yet the brain alterations  that lead to the symptoms of schizophrenia remain unknown. This K23 application presents a research and training  program that will support the applicant on a path towards becoming an NIH-­‐funded independent investigator focused  on understanding the neurobiology of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders. The activities in this application  build on the candidate’s prior training and are set in a resource-­‐rich environment that will foster her development of  expertise in 1) application of MRS and advanced MRI neuroimaging methodologies; 2) physician-­‐scientist approaches to  studying pathophysiology in patients with schizophrenia; 3) neurocircuitry and systems neuroscience perspectives on  hippocampus pathology in psychotic disorders; and 4) responsible conduct of research. The overarching goal of the  research to be carried out in this application is to take findings from animal models of schizophrenia, which were  motivated by original research in patients with the disorder, back to the clinical setting in order to determine whether  the brain circuit alterations observed in the animal models are observable in human patients. Specifically, findings in the  prenatal methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) rodent model, which was developed to model the alterations in  dopamine function seen in patients with schizophrenia, suggest hyperactivity of the ventral (anterior) hippocampus may  increase its glutamatergic output to the ventral striatum and lead, via ventral pallidal and other GABAergic projections to  the ventral midbrain, to disinhibited firing of dopamine neurons. In addition, a convergence of several post mortem and  in vivo imaging findings in patients suggests that abnormal GABAergic activity in the hippocampus may further  compound hippocampal glutamatergic overdrive. This project will directly test the relationships among these  neurochemical alterations in individual medication-­‐free patients with schizophrenia using sophisticated magnetic  resonance imaging methods. If this non-­‐invasive, multimodal imaging paradigm provides evidence to relate hippocampal  GABA and glutamate abnormalities to dopamine system dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia, it would have  important implications for our understanding of the brain bases of schizophrenia, and would generate a novel  multimodal imaging paradigm for testing new molecular, anatomical, and circuit-­‐modulating targets for treatment of  this devastating illness.
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Towards an Integrated Understanding of Neurotransmitter Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: a Multimodal MRI Study
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