A Comparative Study of Medical Examiner/Coroner Offices in the United States

美国法医/验尸官办公室的比较研究

• 批准号: 10361049
• 负责人: Terence D Keel
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-08 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10361049
• 关键词: American; Archives; Autopsy; Black Populations; Black race; Book Reviews; Books; Cessation of life; Cities; Colonialism; Color; Communities; Comparative Study; Coroners and Medical Examiners; Country; County; Data; Federal Government; Image; Imprisonment; Intervention; Latinx population; Law Enforcement; Laws; Legal; Legal Intervention; Los Angeles; Medical Examiners; Michigan; Microfilm; Monograph; Murder; Native-Born; Peer Review; Play; Police; Politics; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Role; Science; Series; Social Justice; System; Treaty; United States; Violence; Virginia; Work; community violence; development policy; insight; migration; mortality; people of color; policy recommendation; segregation

Project Summary/Abstract Native, Black, and Latinx people are disproportionately killed during police encounters and these murders are rarely prosecuted. Much of the social justice-driven research on police violence has focused on legal and political interventions that govern law enforcement practices. This project takes a different approach by examining the science of the autopsy, the American medical examiner/coroner system, and the nation’s long legacy of policing and state-sanctioned violence against communities of color. The medical examiner/coroner system in the United States plays an integral, but often overlooked, role in determining whether police are held accountable for deaths that occur under their custody. However, medical examiner/coroner reports rarely establish police culpability even when evidence indicates otherwise. This project undertakes archival research informed by media and federal government data on nationwide death under police custody to recover and document the history of three medical examiner/coroner offices that have played pivotal roles during the periods of English settler colonialism, the westward expansion of American empire, and racial segregation following the Great Migration of Black communities to Northern cities. To this end, the project will request and analyze images, documents, microfilm, and other materials from the medical examiner office in Jamestown, Virginia, the country’s first medical examiner office founded during the era of colonial settlement. This project will also study the Los Angeles Medical Examiner Office founded after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) in the city that is the current incarceration center of the world. Finally, we will study the history of the Wayne County Medical Examiner in Detroit, Michigan which is the nation’s most racially segregated city now undergoing rapid gentrification. Through these efforts, the project seeks to produce a peer-reviewed book monograph, a series of articles for public audiences, and the development of policy recommendations for reforming the medical examiner/coroner system. This project intends to offer new insights about the history of the U.S. medical examiner system and the politics of autopsy science that will inform the work of public health officials, community activists, lawmakers, and academic scholars working on tracking mortality from legal intervention and creating social justice reforms within policing, law enforcement, and incarceration.

项目概要/摘要 土著人、黑人和拉丁裔人在警察遭遇中被杀害的比例过高 这些谋杀案很少受到起诉。许多社会正义驱动的研究 警察暴力主要集中在管辖法律的法律和政治干预上 执法实践。该项目采用不同的方法来检验科学 尸检、美国法医/验尸官系统以及国家长期 治安和国家批准的针对有色人种社区的暴力行为的遗留问题。这 美国的法医/验尸官系统发挥着不可或缺的作用，但通常 被忽视的，在确定警察是否对死亡负责时的作用 发生在他们的监护下。然而，法医/验尸官报告很少证实 即使证据表明并非如此，警察也有罪。本项目承担 根据媒体和联邦政府关于全国死亡数据的档案研究 在警方拘留下恢复并记录三名医疗人员的历史 在英语时期发挥关键作用的审查员/验尸官办公室 定居者殖民主义、美利坚帝国向西扩张和种族隔离 随着黑人社区向北方城市的大迁移。为此， 项目将请求并分析来自以下机构的图像、文件、缩微胶卷和其他材料： 弗吉尼亚州詹姆斯敦的法医办公室，该国第一位法医 办事处成立于殖民定居时代。该项目还将研究洛斯 瓜达卢佩·伊达尔戈条约（1848 年）后成立的洛杉矶法医办公室 这座城市是目前世界的监禁中心。最后，我们将研究 密歇根州底特律市韦恩县法医的历史 种族隔离最严重的城市现在正在经历快速的中产阶级化。通过这些努力， 该项目旨在编写一本经过同行评审的专着、一系列文章 公众受众以及制定改革政策建议 法医/验尸官系统。该项目旨在提供有关 美国法医系统的历史和尸检科学的政治 为公共卫生官员、社区活动家、立法者和学术界人士的工作提供信息 致力于追踪法律干预死亡率和创造社会正义的学者 警务、执法和监禁方面的改革。