Cardiopulmonary Risk Assessment from Smoke Exposure at the Wildland Urban Interface

荒地城市界面烟雾暴露的心肺风险评估

• 批准号: 10360921
• 负责人: Jessica M Oakes
• 金额: $ 70.7万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-07 至 2026-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10360921
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Advocate; Aerosols; Animals; Apolipoprotein E; Area; Atherosclerosis; Automobile Driving; Awareness; Behavior; Biological; Biology; Blood; Blood Circulation; Blood Pressure; California; Cardiac; Cardiopulmonary; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cardiovascular system; Case Manager; Cells; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chemistry; Chronic; Communities; Complex; Complex Mixtures; Computer Models; Coupling; Dangerousness; Deposition; Development; Dose; EFRAC; Engineering; Exposure to; Fire - disasters; Fostering; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Gases; Generations; Goals; Grant; Health; Healthcare; Heart; Household; Housing; Human; Individual; Infiltration; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inhalation; Inhalation Toxicology; Interdisciplinary Study; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Link; Lung; Measures; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mus; Obstructive Lung Diseases; Organ; Outcome; Particle Size; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Persons; Policies; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Population; Populations at Risk; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Public Health; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Recurrence; Research; Research Personnel; Respiratory Disease; Respiratory Mechanics; Risk Assessment; Rodent; Role; Serum; Severities; Smoke; Source; Stream; Testing; Tissues; Toxin; Trace metal; Wildfire; Wood material; biomass smoke; biomechanical test; cardiopulmonary system; career; career development; chemokine; cost; cytokine; density; epidemiologic data; fine particles; in vivo imaging; mortality; mouse model; novel; particle; pollutant; polyurethane foam; pressure; programs; respiratory; response; risk stratification; smoke inhalation; symposium; ultrafine particle

PROJECT SUMMARY Acute and chronic wildland fire smoke inhalation have been linked to increased mortality as well as respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity, though the extent to which the frequency and duration of exposure or the chemical and particle profiles of the smoke contribute to the observed health effects remains unknown. As the occurrences of wildland fires and number of people living at the wildland urban interface (WUI) continue to increase, prolonged inhalation of wildland fire smoke poses a serious threat to public health. Due to this, there is an urgent need to better understand the adverse cardiopulmonary outcomes associated with the exposure to wildland urban smoke. The smoke that arises from wildland fires at the WUI is a complex mixture of gases, trace metals, and fine and ultrafine particles. The latter are particularly dangerous for human health, since they deposit in the deep regions of the lungs and may translocate into the blood stream, increasing the oxidative and inflammatory burden, both locally and systemically. Prolonged inflammation can lead to the development of obstructive lung disease and atherosclerosis. To investigate the link between exposure to WUI smoke and development of cardiopulmonary dysfunction, our interdisciplinary team brings together expertise in fire generation and characterization, rodent aerosol exposures, respiratory mechanics, lung biology, and cardiovascular physiology. To fulfill our goals, we will create lab-scale smoke using materials representative of WUI regions in Southern California and we will deliver it to mice. In Aim 1, we will investigate the role of frequency and duration of the exposure, as well as particulate concentration of the wildland fire smoke. In Aim 2, we will focus on the relative contribution of different fuel sources characteristic of the WUI. Furthermore, as part of this ONES early-stage-investigator project, the PI and co-Is will generate an external advisory panel consisting of inhalation toxicology researchers, public health advocates, and fire protection experts. Dissemination of new knowledge gained from this proposal to the community will be a vital part of this endeavor.

项目摘要 急性和慢性野外火烟吸入与死亡率增加以及呼吸系统有关 和心血管发病率，尽管暴露频率和持续时间或 烟雾的化学和颗粒谱有助于观察到的健康效应。作为 野外大火的发生以及居住在Wildland Urban界面（WUI）的人数继续 增加，长时间吸入野外火烟会对公共卫生构成严重威胁。因此， 迫切需要更好地了解与暴露有关的不良心肺结果 Wildland Urban Smoke。 WUI荒地大火引起的烟雾是气体的复杂混合物， 痕量金属以及细和超细颗粒。后者对人类健​​康特别危险，因为它们 沉积在肺的深区域中，并可能转移到血液中，增加氧化和增加 炎症负担在本地和系统上。长时间的炎症会导致 阻塞性肺部疾病和动脉粥样硬化。调查暴露于WUI烟与 心肺功能障碍的发展，我们的跨学科团队汇集了火灾的专业知识 产生和表征，啮齿动物气溶胶暴露，呼吸机械，肺部生物学和 心血管生理学。为了实现我们的目标，我们将使用代表的材料来创造实验室规模的烟雾 南加州的WUI地区，我们将将其运送给小鼠。在AIM 1中，我们将调查 暴露的频率和持续时间，以及野外火烟的颗粒浓度。目标 2，我们将重点关注WUI不同燃料来源的相对贡献。此外，AS PI和CO-IS的一部分是早期评估器项目，将生成外部咨询面板 由吸入毒理学研究人员，公共卫生倡导者和消防专家组成。 传播从该提案到社区获得的新知识将是其中的重要组成部分 努力。